Curcumin as a natural therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis: molecular mechanisms, preclinical evidence, clinical applications, and future perspectives

Plant-Derived Polyphenols in Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms, Delivery Systems, and Therapeutic Synergy

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, disabling joint disease characterized by complex inflammatory, oxidative, and catabolic cascades that culminate in progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovitis. Standard pharmacological treatments such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) pro...

Molecular hydrogen and osteoarthritis: multi-target mechanisms and therapeutic effectiveness.

Mechanisms and Application Strategies of Flavonoid Active Compounds in the Treatment of Osteoporosis-Osteoarthritis Comorbidity: Insights from Preclinical Studies

Abstract Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two prevalent age-related musculoskeletal disorders that frequently coexist in elderly populations, substantially complicating clinical diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, flavonoid active compounds have attracted increasing research interest for OP-OA comorb...

Exploring the therapeutic applications of metformin in articular cartilage repair: mechanistic insights and translational perspectives

Articular cartilage is characterized by an avascular structure and limited intrinsic regenerative capacity. The most prevalent pathological conditions that lead to cartilage damage are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In recent decades, cartilage homeostasis has been shown to be particularly vulnerabl...

Coumarins in musculoskeletal health: a systematic review

Musculoskeletal diseases encompass a spectrum of pathologies such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteosarcoma, characterized by degenerative alterations and aberrant hyperplasia in bone mass, synovial tissue, and cartilage. Recently, botanical compounds have demonstrated promising potential...

Molecular mechanisms of herbal medicines and bioactive compounds in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive network pharmacology perspective

Network pharmacology provides a robust framework for the mechanistic interpretation of herbal medicines and offers a promising opportunity to accelerate the discovery and clinical translation of safer, more effective therapies for RA.