Implementation of an IoT-Based Micro-Agroclimatic Monitoring System Integrated with Temperature, Soil Moisture, and Anemometer Sensors

Abstract

Plant growth is significantly influenced by micro-agroclimatic conditions; therefore, a monitoring system capable of providing accurate and timely data is essential. This project aims to implement an Internet of Things (IoT) based micro agroclimate monitoring system to track air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture levels, and wind speed in real time. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a DHT22 sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an anemometer, and is equipped with an I2C LCD, DS3231 RTC, MicroSD card, SIM800L module, and the Blynk platform for remote monitoring. System accuracy was verified by comparing readings with standard instruments used by the BMKG (Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency), and the system was deployed for seven days at the Mawar 8 Women Farmers Group (KWT) site. Test results demonstrate the system's capability to acquire, store, and transmit data in real time, as well as send SMS notifications when parameter values exceed predefined thresholds. Validation against reference devices showed an average relative error of 5.38% for air temperature, 4.57% for air humidity, 5.77% for soil moisture, and 6.42% for wind speed. Based on the implementation and testing results, the developed system functions effectively as an IoT-based agricultural microclimate monitoring solution to support small-scale agricultural land management.