The Impact of Supply Chain Resilience on Corporate Green Innovation: Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Firms

Abstract

Against a backdrop of frequent external shocks and an accelerating green transition, this study examines whether supply chain resilience improves firms' current green innovation. Using 2004-2024 panel data for Chinese A-share listed firms, we construct supply chain resilience as the sum of entropy-weighted resistance and recovery indices. Two-way fixed-effects estimates show that all three measures significantly increase green patent applications. The findings remain robust to leave-one-out industry-year instrumental-variable estimation, alternative samples, expanded controls, and an alternative resilience measure. Mechanism tests indicate that resilience supports green R&D by easing financing constraints and reducing agency costs, while corporate reputation and ownership concentration improve the conversion of resilience resources into innovation. The effect differs across listing boards, ownership types, and factor intensities: it is stronger for non-GEM, state-owned, and labor-intensive firms, but becomes negative for GEM firms. Supply chain resilience is therefore not merely an operational safeguard; it is also an organizational capability that sustains green innovation. The evidence provides a firm-level basis for jointly advancing supply chain security and green transformation.