Phytochemical profiling and identification of bioactive compounds in the leaf extract of Syzygium malaccense using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the phytochemical composition of methanol extract of Syzygium malaccense leaves using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS).Methods: Fresh leaves of Syzygium malaccense were air-dried, powdered and extracted with methanol using cold maceration. Following filtration and concentration under reduced pressure, the extract was freeze-dried and subjected to GC-MS to identify the phytochemicals present.Results: The analysis revealed the presence of thirty bioactive compounds with known medicinal and pharmacological properties. The identified compounds included phytol, oleic acid, copaene, caryophyllene and phenyltricyclo derivatives, all of which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties.Conclusion: These results provide scientific support for the traditional uses of Syzygium malaccense and indicate the potential of the plant as a useful source of natural therapeutic agents.