Effects of non-extraction class II treatment with maxillary distalization and intermaxillary elastics using passive self-ligating brackets: a cephalometric study

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the craniofacial effects of non-extraction class II camouflage treatment using maxillary distalization and intermaxillary class II elastics in late adolescent patients.Methods: This retrospective study included 26 patients (20 females, 6 males; mean age: 15.2±1.3 years) with skeletal and dental class II malocclusion. All patients were treated by the same clinician using a standardized non-extraction protocol involving passive self-ligating brackets, maxillary distalization, and intermaxillary class II elastics. Lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained before (T0) and after treatment (T1) were analyzed. Skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes were evaluated using conventional cephalometric measurements and Pancherz analysis. Statistical comparisons were performed using paired t-tests (p0.05). A significant decrease in Wits appraisal was observed (p=0.009). Mandibular incisors showed significant proclination (L1-NB, p0.05). Maxillary molars showed significant distalization, whereas mandibular molars demonstrated significant mesial movement (p