Aug 2026· World Englishes· 0 citations· 27 references
Abstract
This article explores the implications of English's role as a global lingua franca for other languages, with a particular focus on the transformations these languages undergo due to English influence. Such changes are most evident in the lexical domain, where they are typically examined under the framework of lexical borrowing or Anglicisms. However, they also extend to grammatical, stylistic, and pragmatic levels, affecting formulation structures, argumentation strategies, and behavioural patterns, often without speakers’ conscious awareness. This article aims to highlight that both the growing prevalence of English across diverse domains and the resulting shifts in speakers’ native languages are interconnected manifestations of the same global linguistic development. The observed linguistic changes are the result of an asymmetrical relationship between languages, which raises questions of linguistic justice. The study draws on corpus analyses of the German language, supplemented by data from cross‐linguistic research initiatives, such as the Global Anglicism Database Network project (GLAD,
https://www.nhh.no/en/research‐centres/global‐anglicism‐database‐network/
).
In this afterword, I focus on two key contributions that this special issue provides for ongoing discussions of linguistic justice in relation to the internationalization of English. The first is its attempt to address previously reductionist accounts of linguistic justice in political theory, which construct languages only in relation to their communicative value, thus stripping them of their identity functions. This contributes in turn to an often naive valorization of English as the language of wider international communication, and its apparent centrality to the expansion of deliberative democracy worldwide, alongside a problematic construction of multilingualism as an obstacle to such processes. The second relates to the increasing need to explore the interstices between linguistic racism and linguistic justice, not only through the lens of raciolinguistics but also related work in language ideologies and the social physcology of race/ism and discourse.
This descriptive-exploratory-reflexive study investigated the dominant issues related to English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in the Southeast Asian context and drew the critical implicatures from the intra/transnational ELF demographics of the current status quo. Guided by the Kachru’s Circles Model, the Schneider’s Dynamic Model and the critical World Englishes (WE) perspectives, the study explored on the impact of ELF on linguistic identity and the related notions of ethnicity, culture, multilingualism, diglossia, mutual intelligibility, and acceptability. To achieve this goal, content analysis was carried out on the WE-SEA literatures and studies. A checklist on content analysis sampling strategy (CASS) facilitated the selection of the texts. The reflexive approach’s introspection and retrospection modes were employed to enrich the research discourse. The study’s most significant finding revealed the challenging yet encouraging linguistic terrain of ELF in Southeast Asia, with the exponential growth of speech and discourse communities of English, the region seeing the emergence of the New Englishes. Given the complex dynamics of language teaching, ideological influences, and power play, the study recommends continuous scholarship and investigations on ELF and the relevant linguistic developments in Southeast Asia, to keep pace with a rapidly changing world.
Chester B. Esnara· Research Journal in Advanced...· 0 citations
This article examines the influence of English on Vietnamese in the context of globalisation, with particular attention to lexical borrowing, code-switching, digital discourse, and language attitudes. Grounded in contact linguistics, sociolinguistic theory, and language ideology studies, the paper uses a qualitative design that combines naturalistic observation of public and digital language practices with a systematic review of recent scholarship on English-Vietnamese contact. The analysis shows that English influence is most visible in the lexical domain, especially in technology, education, business, and popular culture. English-Vietnamese code-switching is also widespread in youth-oriented and digitally mediated communication, where it serves pragmatic functions such as emphasis, brevity, and topic framing, as well as social functions such as identity performance and in-group solidarity. Syntactic and phonological influences appear more limited and register-specific, although Englishinfluenced discourse markers, passive constructions, and loanword pronunciation patterns are increasingly noticeable among proficient bilingual users. The study further indicates that attitudes toward English influence remain ambivalent: younger speakers often treat bilingual hybridity as a sign of modernity and global identity, while purist concerns persist in public and institutional discourse. The paper concludes with implications for Vietnamese language policy and English education.
Vu Mai Phuong· International Journal of Edu...· 0 citations
This systematic review examines the linguistic and sociolinguistic characteristics of Philippine English (PhE) based on studies published from 2019 to 2026. Guided by research questions focusing on the phonological, lexical-semantic, and grammatical-syntactic features of PhE, as well as its sociolinguistic attitudes and functional roles in education, communication, and media, the study reviewed fifteen scholarly articles from credible academic databases and repositories. Findings reveal that PhE has developed into a legitimate and systematic variety of English shaped by local linguistic and cultural influences. Phonological studies identified recurring consonant substitutions, vowel mergers, and lectal variations influenced by regional and proficiency differences. Lexical-semantic features demonstrated linguistic creativity through borrowing, blending, clipping, compounding, and semantic shifts, particularly in digital communication contexts. Grammatical-syntactic analyses also revealed flexible subject–verb agreement, simplified tense marking, and localized sentence structures that reflect communicative adaptation rather than linguistic deficiency. Sociolinguistically, PhE is increasingly recognized as a marker of Filipino identity and communicative accessibility; however, native-speaker norms continue to dominate formal academic settings. The findings affirm that PhE is an evolving, rule-governed, and culturally grounded variety whose acceptance continues to expand across different social domains in the Philippines.
Patrick Carlos D. Famanily, Famanily Rosemaie A. Capili, Joseree Ann L. Ferrer et al.· Journal of Education, Social...· 0 citations
Introduction: Multilingual speakers frequently report that operating in a different language involves more than a change in grammatical system. The phenomenon at issue is linguistic frame switching (LFS): the involuntary reorganisation of cognitive, emotional, and identity-relevant schemas when a multilingual speaker moves between languages. This study investigated whether German–English bilinguals exhibit systematic language-dependent differences in self-perception and narrative content.
Materials and methods: This report presents findings from an original mixed-methods study of 27 German–English bi- and multilinguals, combining self-report questionnaire data with computational text analysis (linguistic inquiry and word count, LIWC) of matched narrative pairs elicited by identical picture prompts in both languages at a six-week interval.
Results: Approximately 78% of the participants reported feeling distinctly different when using their respective languages (21 of 27; χ2(1) = 8.33, p = 0.004). LIWC analysis revealed systematic cross-linguistic divergences: German narratives were consistently richer in cognitive processing, occupation-related content, and achievement themes; English narratives were higher in social process language. At the individual level, the contrasts were sometimes dramatic—the same person, the same picture, but two narratives that read as if written by different authors.
Conclusions: It is argued that these patterns cannot be explained by code-switching or translation equivalence effects alone. LFS, the present report suggests, has largely untapped implications for how neuroscience conceptualises the brain–mind–environment relationship. These findings are exploratory and subject to important limitations: the sample was small (N = 27) and self-selected, language proficiency was self-rated rather than objectively measured, and no monolingual control group was included.
Judith Zangerle· Academia Neuroscience and Br...· 0 citations
This concluding essay proposes a reflection on the themes treated in the preceding essays from a twofold perspective: that of the author of a theoretical book that distinguishes three fundamentally distinct senses of linguistic justice and that of the chair of a Council for Multilingualism set up by the regional government of the capital of the European Union. How English and its standard varieties fare in terms of linguistic justice as fair cooperation, equality of opportunities and parity of esteem varies greatly depending on the context, for example, ex‐colonial countries, post‐Brexit Europe and a city that has two official languages with English not one of them. Whatever the context, an inequality between languages is not necessarily a linguistic injustice, and a linguistic injustice can be a collateral damage justified by the pursuit of a more comprehensive conception of social justice.
Philippe Van Parijs· World Englishes· 0 citations
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