Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.

Diabetic Retinal Disease Revisited: Integrating Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction and Hemodynamics in Pathophysiology and Treatment.

Studies have identified the involvement of microvascular injury, neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction, and retinal hemodynamic abnormalities in diabetic retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema (DME). Although chronic hyperglycemia is the central driver of retinal damage, mounting evi...

Rethinking diabetic retinopathy: Homeostatic mechanisms for retinal clearance.

AIMS Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening consequence of diabetes. DR disrupts cell-to-cell communication in the retinal neurovascular unit (NVU), impairing blood flow which leads to vascular complications. Here, we propose an integrated framework of DR pathogenesis in which impaired clearance mechanisms an...

Neurovascular unit-targeted therapeutic strategies in diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has traditionally been regarded as a microvascular complication, but increasing evidence supports its classification as a neurovascular disease. The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU), comprising neurons, glial, and vascular, elements, is crucial for retinal homeostasis and is disrupted early in...

Diabetic retinal neurovascular unit injury: mechanisms, imaging evaluation, and integrated therapeutic strategies

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has long been regarded as an isolated retinal microvascular disease. Histopathological, molecular, imaging, and multi-omics evidence now supports disruption of retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) homeostasis as a central mechanism of DR, in which neuronal degeneration, reactive gliosis, and m...

Interferon-mediated regulation of the neurovascular unit in diabetic retinopathy

Ferroptosis in retinal neurodegeneration: mechanistic vulnerability, therapeutic targeting, and translational barriers

Current evidence supporting ferroptosis-related vulnerability in retinal neurodegenerative diseases is synthesized and emerging enabling strategies are evaluated, including nanocarrier-based delivery, long-acting gene modulation, and biomarker frameworks integrating ocular fluids, imaging, multi-omics, and artificial i...