Aug 2026· Trends in Biomaterials & Artificial Organs· 0 citations· 33 references
TL;DR
The CPC-AgNPs formulation was found to have synergistic, concentration related antimicrobial action and afforded efficient and stable antimicrobial active components, which favour the use of CPC-AgNPs in oral care, wound healing and infection control processes and justify further research in terms of cytotoxicity and inhibition of biofilm.
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial properties. The synergistic effect could add therapeutic potential because AgNPs are functionalized with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a member of quaternary ammonium groups. The present study focuses on the synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver CPC-coated silver nanoparticles (CPC AgNPs) concerning the design of antibacterial agents on common oral and opportunistic pathogens. The plant-based silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green synthesis to obtain CPC-AgNPs and then the CPC was coated at different ratios (1:1 to 1:5). UV Visible spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to establish nanoparticle formation and the interaction of functional groups with the formulations. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated by applying the agar well method against Candida albicans, Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Based on the FTIR analysis, FTIR demonstrated the presence of functional groups like hydroxyl, amine and aromatic functional groups that had an active role in the stabilization of nanoparticles and their interaction with CPC. UV–Visible spectroscopy showed a characteristic SPR peak around 350–370 nm, with increased absorbance over time, confirming nanoparticle formation and stability, particularly after 32 hours. CPC-AgNPs exhibited an increased antimicrobial effect over CPC in general and against C. albicans and S. aureus in particular. The 1:5 proportions showed the greatest area of inhibition (25 mm against C. albicans and 21 mm against S. aureus) which means that it was dose dependent. The CPC-AgNPs formulation was found to have synergistic, concentration related antimicrobial action. CPC-conjugated AgNPs afforded efficient and stable antimicrobial active components. These results favour the use of CPC-AgNPs in oral care, wound healing and infection control processes and justify further research in terms of cytotoxicity and inhibition of biofilm.
Zinc oxide-functionalized carbon (ZnO-C) nanocomposites have gained interest due to their superior antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, and potential for biomedical applications. In the current work, ZnO-C nanocomposites were produced utilizing a simple green solvothermal process with Daucus carota extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent and citric acid as a carbon precursor. The nanocomposites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDAX) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The characterisation results proved the effective synthesis of nanocrystalline ZnO-C nanocomposites with distinct structural and functional properties. The antibacterial activity was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the agar well diffusion technique. The ZnO-C nanocomposites indicated selective antibacterial action, with enhanced inhibition observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24 mm) and moderate activity against MRSA (11-14 mm). Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed low susceptibility. Comparative testing with carbon nanoparticles demonstrated that ZnO functionalization improved antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, revealing the synergistic impact of ZnO nanoparticles with the carbon matrix.
C. Sherina P, Francis Tisha N, Nirmala Jothi N S· International Journal for Sc...· 0 citations
The global increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has led researchers to focus on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as potential antimicrobial agents. The present study used a multi-synthesis approach to obtain AgNPs of different size, shape, and surface properties (SSSP), and compared the effect of SSSP on the antibacterial activity of these AgNPs in combination with antibiotics. The two plant-synthesized quasi-spherical AgNPs (7.36 nm, 12.53 nm) showed better antimicrobial activity against multiple antibiotic-resistant (MAR) bacteria compared to microbially-synthesized quasi-spherical AgNPs (11.71 nm) or the larger chemically-synthesized spherical (17.65 nm) and hexagonal AgNPs (57.36 nm). When these plant-synthesized AgNPs were used along with antibiotics as silver nanoparticle-antibiotic combinations (SACs) and tested against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and MAR Acinetobacter baumannii (MAB), the smaller fatty acid-capped AgNPs showed better synergistic antibacterial activity than the larger protein-capped AgNPs. The AgNPs did not show any in-vitro cytotoxicity against normal mammalian Vero cells at effective antibacterial concentrations. The SACs displayed potent anti-biofilm activity against VRSA and MAB and caused leakage of the cytoplasmic contents, suggestive of loss of membrane integrity of the bacterial cells. The anti-biofilm activity of the SACs suggests that the plant-based AgNPs might be able to reduce pathogenesis of even highly resistant bacteria. Thus, the present study indicates that by modifying SSSPs of AgNPs, it may be possible to generate effective AgNP-based antimicrobial agents against highly resistant microorganisms.
Maitri Mishra, A. Rath· Microbial Pathogenesis· 0 citations
Electrospun poly-based fibers functionalized with silver and gold nanoparticles demonstrated an excellent balance of safety, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial performance, making them promising candidates for biomedical applications that require both inflammation control and antimicrobial protection.
Antónia Kurillová, Saverio Caporalini, Bahareh Azimi et al.· Frontiers in Bioengineering...· 0 citations
Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) nanoparticles mediated by Petroselinum crispum (parsley) followed by comparison with commercial CaCO₃ nanoparticles. UV-Vis and FTIR analyses confirmed the presence of phytochemicals containing hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aliphatic functional groups, which acted as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents. XRD confirmed predominantly calcite in both samples, with mean crystallite sizes of 51.97 nm and 60.90 nm for commercial and green-synthesised nanoparticles, respectively, while TEM showed mean particle diameters of 66.11 nm and 76.45 nm. SEM revealed morphological differences caused by phytochemical surface functionalization. Green-synthesised CaCO₃ nanoparticles showed a greater colloidal stability (-26.05 mV vs. -18.25 mV), whereas commercial nanoparticles had a higher specific surface area (17.926 m²/g vs. 15.61 m²/g) due to their smaller size. Antibacterial testing against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus showed that green-synthesised nanoparticles had a fourfold lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against S. mutans (125 µg/mL vs. 500 µg/mL) and larger inhibition zones at all tested concentrations, suggesting enhanced synergistic bactericidal activity. In contrast, commercial nanoparticles showed stronger concentration-independent antibiofilm activity, likely due to their smaller size and higher surface area, which promoted penetration of the extracellular polymeric matrix. These complementary effects indicate that P. crispum-mediated green synthesis can produce biofunctional CaCO₃ nanoparticles with improved antibacterial potential against clinically important oral pathogens, supporting their use in dental caries prevention and broader biomedical applications.
Arazu Abdulkarim Muhammed, A. Barzinjy, R. Al-Kamali· Nano Express· 0 citations
Recently, novel nanobiotechnological approaches have been developed to reduce the impact of pollutants during the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). To do so, green synthesis methods have now become widely adopted, using biomolecules to produce high-quality, stable nanoparticles. In this work, we employed the K1 toxin produced by S. cerevisiae as a reducing and capping agent for silver nanoparticles. The synthesis of Ag-K1 NPs was carried out using a concentrated protein fraction from the culture medium of S. cerevisiae 42300 containing the secreted K1 toxin. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, STEM, EDS, and FTIR, and the antimicrobial efficacy was determined against S. cerevisiae, P. aeruginosa, and B. subtilis. The synthesized NPs showed high antimicrobial efficacy, killing all tested strains; additionally, dose–response modeling suggested differential activity among the nanoparticles. This work reports, for the first time, the bio-assisted synthesis and antimicrobial characterization of silver nanoparticles associated with K1 killer toxin-containing protein fractions.
Carlos Molina-Vera, Verónica Morales-Tlalpan, J. Campos-Guillén et al.· Nanomaterials· 0 citations
The present study aims to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using a green and environmentally friendly approach with propolis and pomegranate peel extracts as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. The synthesized nanoparticles will be characterized using various analytical techniques, including UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), to determine their optical, structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties. The antibacterial activity of the prepared nanoparticles will be evaluated against two clinically significant bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative), using standard microbiological assays. The study is expected to demonstrate that green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles coated with natural bioactive compounds exhibit enhanced antibacterial efficacy compared with conventional ZnO nanoparticles. This eco-friendly strategy may provide a promising alternative for developing novel antimicrobial nanomaterials for biomedical and pharmaceutical application
Israa Sami Hadi· International Journal of Hea...· 0 citations
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