NIR-II-activated supramolecular LDH nanoarchitecture integrated with 3D-printed bioactive glass for hypoxia-resistant photodynamic osteosarcoma therapy and bone regeneration

A catalytic-immune OGP peptide-crosslinked 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold for concurrent antitumor therapy and bone regeneration

Resection of bone-metastatic tumors is often accompanied by severe bone erosion and structural defects. Three‐dimensional (3D) printed hydrogel scaffolds with tailorable architectures and mechanical robustness are increasingly employed to restore bone integrity after tumor removal. Here, a 3D-printed sodium alginate/GelMA hydrogel scaffold is engineered to remodel the local microenvironment for simultaneous tumor ablation and bone repair, aiming to overcome the persistent challenge of functionally modifying hydrogel scaffolds to achieve both effective tumor eradication and bone regeneration. The scaffold encapsulates dendritic cell-derived exosomes loaded with the STING agonist Cyclic dinucleotide (Dex-CDN), together with methacrylated osteogenic growth peptide (OGP-MA), while a dopamine–manganese coordination nanozyme (DM) forms a mussel‐inspired catalytic coating on the surface. Under the acidic tumor milieu, DM exhibits peroxidase‐like activity to trigger Fenton reactions, deplete glutathione, and induce oxidative stress–mediated tumor cell death. Under physiological conditions, DM displays superoxide dismutase‐ and catalase‐like activities, scavenging reactive oxygen species and maintaining redox homeostasis to promote osteogenesis. Sustained Dex‐CDN release activates STING signaling and elicits potent antitumor immunity, whereas OGP‐MA triggers BMP/Smad‐mediated osteogenic differentiation. This integrated scaffold unites catalytic therapy, immune activation, and osteoinduction, offering a promising strategy for localized tumor control and bone regeneration following bone metastatic tumor resection.

Self-powered electro-activated MgxFe1-xS2 scaffold for gas-ion therapy in osteosarcoma suppression and bone regeneration.

In vivo validation confirms a 90% tumor inhibition rate alongside robust biosafety, offering a novel self-powered paradigm for integrated therapy and repair post-osteosarcoma surgery.

pH-triggered in situ mineralized NIR-II nanozyme hydrogel enables spatiotemporally controlled antibacterial therapy and microenvironment reprogramming for infected bone defect repair.

Infected bone defects remain a significant clinical challenge due to bacterial colonization-induced persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, and local acidification, which collectively impair bone regeneration. Conventional approaches, including antibiotic therapy and bone grafting, are often insufficient to concurrently eradicate infection and promote tissue repair. Herein, we report a multifunctional GelMA-Au@Pt@CaP (GAPCP) hydrogel that integrates second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) photothermal antibacterial activity, nanozyme-mediated antioxidant catalysis, and programmable Ca2+/PO₄3- release to enable synergistic antibacterial and osteogenic therapy. Upon 1064 nm laser irradiation, the Au@Pt nanozyme achieves efficient bacterial ablation and biofilm disruption via photothermal effects. The calcium phosphate (CaP) layer provides responsive ion delivery to enhance osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Concurrently, the porous Pt shell catalyzes H₂O₂ decomposition under acidic conditions, mitigating oxidative stress and hypoxia. GAPCP scavenges intracellular reactive oxygen species, promotes macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, and enhances angiogenic and osteogenic activities in vitro. In an infected calvarial defect model, GAPCP combined with NIR-II irradiation achieves simultaneous antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and bone regenerative outcomes. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that these effects are associated with the coordinated regulation of inflammatory signaling, ion transport, and angiogenesis pathways. This work establishes a NIR-II-responsive multifunctional hydrogel platform that couples infection eradication with microenvironment remodeling to drive bone regeneration, providing a promising strategy for treating infected bone defects.

A strategy of 3D-printed Ta4C3 MXenes nanohydroxyapatite/methacryloylated silk fibroin scaffolds for postsurgical management of osteosarcoma.

The postoperative repair of bone tumors remains a significant clinical challenge requiring urgent solutions, and this holds particularly true for regenerating large bone defects, completely removing residual tumor cells, and effectively preventing and controlling postoperative infections. The efficacy of traditional single treatments is limited, as they generally target only one of these challenges. To overcome this dilemma, this study designed a multifunctional composite nanoscaffold by applying Ta4C3 MXenes nanosheets to the surface of a 3D printed nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/methacrylated silk fibroin (MASF) composite scaffold through in situ anchoring. 3D printing technology fabricated a porous hierarchical architecture matching the target bone defect, which provides a suitable three-dimensional microenvironment for bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The main inorganic component of natural bone, nHA, was included to promote bone tissue mineralization. Additionally, with good biocompatibility and degradability, MASF acts as the organic matrix and facilitates the stable loading of the Ta4C3 MXenes nanosheets. To be more specific, the introduction of Ta4C3 MXenes nanosheets endows the scaffold with excellent photothermal conversion capabilities, enabling the generation of precise and controllable local high temperatures upon near-infrared light irradiation. This property allows it to efficiently kill residual tumor cells through thermal ablation while also exhibiting excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity through its thermal effects. This implantable material integrates bone defect repair, tumor clearance, and anti-infection functions, thereby effectively solving the limitations of traditional single therapies. It also provides new ideas for the clinical treatment of tumor-related bone defects and exhibits great application prospects.

In situ-formed multifunctional nanozyme hydrogel for synergistic radio-immunotherapy of osteosarcoma

Metal-organic cage-mediated synergistic tumor microenvironment remodeling and self-enhanced photodynamic therapy.