R-DEIM Net: An Efficient Rationale-Augmented Dual-Expert Interaction Model for Paraphrase Detection

Abstract

Recent advances in paraphrase detection reveal a fundamental trade-off: large language models achieve high accuracy but require high computation, while efficient Siamese-BERT variants offer practical scalability with reduced transparency in rationale generation. We present R-DEIM Net, a 76M-parameter dual-expert architecture exploring whether moderate-scale models can achieve competitive accuracy on paraphrase detection while enabling human-readable rationale generation. The architecture combines two specialized components: an Interaction Expert that captures token-level similarity patterns through multi-scale 2D convolutions and attention head allowing variable input length, and a Reasoning Expert that uses a Flan-T5-small decoder to generate rationales as auxiliary supervision. Rather than re-encoding generated text, we extract and pool decoder hidden states as complementary features for classification. On the Quora Question Pairs dataset, R-DEIM Net achieves 90.07\% accuracy and 90.16\% F1-score via 10-fold cross-validation. This represents competitive performance with strong transformer-based baselines (e.g., MFAE BERT: 90.54\% accuracy) and recent large language model based approaches (LLaMA-70B) while using a substantially smaller parameter budget. The model generates rationales alongside predictions, providing potential for auxiliary human-readable descriptions.