The findings suggest that students' attitudes toward AI are shaped not only by technological interest but also by perceptual factors related to AI, and integrating clinically oriented AI content and awareness-building activities into medical education may support the development of more balanced and informed attitudes toward AI.
Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most rapidly evolving technologies in recent years and is increasingly being integrated into healthcare, education, and everyday life. Examining university students' attitudes toward this technology is important for understanding their future professional orientations and adaptation to technological change. This study aimed to identify medical students' attitudes toward artificial intelligence and the determinants of these attitudes, and to develop educational implications for medical training based on the findings.
METHODOLOGY
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between January 22 and May 28, 2025, among 198 final-year medical students at Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine in Denizli, Türkiye. Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, which assessed students' sociodemographic characteristics and their knowledge and experiences regarding AI, and the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS, Turkish version). Since the negative subscale is reverse-coded, higher scores in both indicate more positive attitudes toward AI. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25 with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and multiple linear regression analyses.
Results
The mean age of participants was 24.47 ± 0.98 years; 56.1% were female. A total of 74.2% of the participants reported general knowledge about AI, and 76.3% reported experience using AI in daily life. A total of 63.1% viewed AI developments positively, 69.7% believed AI changes work and daily life, and 52.0% felt emotionally unaffected by it. The mean positive attitude score was 45.01 ± 9.17, and the negative attitude score was 26.41 ± 6.22. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly associated with father's education level (university vs. primary school), having an interest in technology, perceptions regarding developments in artificial intelligence, and the belief that AI has an emotional impact (p < 0.05). For the negative attitude subscale, only perceptions regarding developments in artificial intelligence were found to be significantly associated (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Medical students demonstrated generally positive attitudes toward AI. Higher paternal education, technological interest, perceiving AI as emotionally influential, and evaluating AI developments positively were predictors of favorable attitudes. In addition, more positive evaluations of AI-related developments were also associated with higher scores on the reverse-coded negative attitude subscale, indicating lower negative attitudes toward AI. These findings suggest that students' attitudes toward AI are shaped not only by technological interest but also by perceptual factors related to AI. Therefore, integrating clinically oriented AI content and awareness-building activities into medical education may support the development of more balanced and informed attitudes toward AI.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in medical education, offering opportunities for personalized learning, rapid access to information, and support for academic activities. However, concerns regarding accuracy, overdependence, and reduced critical thinking remain.
Objectives: To assess the perceptions, attitudes, perceived benefits and concerns regarding the use of AI tools among undergraduate medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 767 undergraduate medical students at a tertiary care teaching institution in Bharuch, Gujarat, India, from January to March 2026. Students from all MBBS years who provided informed consent were included. Data were collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire administered through Google Forms. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings as frequencies and percentages.
Results: Among 767 participants, AI use was reported daily by 207 (27.0%) students, on a few days per week by 282 (36.8%), and occasionally or rarely by 278 (36.2%). ChatGPT was the most commonly used AI tool reported by 698 (91.0%) students, followed by Google Gemini 398 (51.9%). The most common academic purpose of AI use was clarifying difficult concepts, reported by 561 (73.1%) students, followed by obtaining quick summaries or notes 460 (60.0%). AI was considered very helpful for understanding concepts by 445 (58.0%) students, while 515 (67.1%) reported faster learning. Nearly half 367 (47.8%) supported integrating AI into medical teaching. However, inaccurate information 334 (43.4%), reduced critical thinking 327 (42.6%), and overdependence 252 (32.8%) were major concerns.
Conclusions: AI tools are widely used and positively perceived by medical students. Structured and responsible integration of AI into medical education may maximize its benefits while minimizing potential risks.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, ChatGPT, Medical Education, Medical Students
Vaishali Patel, Vallari Jadav, Kuntal Patel· International journal of sci...· 0 citations
Students and faculty demonstrate broadly positive attitudes toward AI alongside concerns about safety, surveillance, and workforce displacement andStructured education, practical exposure, and ethics- and governance-oriented teaching may support responsible AI integration in health-professions education and practice.
Hamad Alhamad, Ahmad Alenezi, Musaed Z. Alnaser et al.· Work· 0 citations
Positive correlations were identified among all measured dimensions, with the strongest association observed between hope and adaptation, and the findings indicate that students’ evaluations of artificial intelligence involve interrelated perceptions of knowledge, anxiety, positive expectations, and educational preparation needs.
Digital literacy was the strongest independent factor associated with attitudes towards artificial intelligence and perceptions regarding the impact of artificial intelligence on clinical reasoning, and perceptions regarding the impact of artificial intelligence on clinical reasoning were also independently associated with attitude scores.
Nur Demirbaş, Hatice Kucukceran, O. Arık· Postgraduate medical journal· 0 citations
Background The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare and medical education has created an urgent need to evaluate how prepared undergraduate students are to engage with these technologies. Medical graduates will increasingly encounter AI-driven tools across clinical and educational settings, yet systematic assessment of their readiness and perceptions remains limited, particularly in India. This study aimed to assess AI readiness and perceptions among undergraduate medical students and to examine how readiness varied in relation to sociodemographic characteristics, prior AI training, and patterns of AI tool utilization. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 310 undergraduate Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students at a tertiary care teaching institution in Surendranagar, Gujarat, between September and November 2025. AI readiness and perception were assessed using the Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for Medical Students (MAIRS-MS) and a separately developed, validated 10-item questionnaire, respectively. Descriptive statistics were summarized as means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. Participants were categorized as having poor (≤66), average (67-78), or good (≥79) readiness using cut-offs derived from the 33.33rd and 66.67th percentiles of the observed MAIRS-MS score distribution. The same percentile-based approach was applied to each MAIRS-MS domain score. Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate, was used to examine associations between categorical variables, while Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess relationships between readiness scores and selected variables. A two-sided p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of the study participants was 20.03 ± 1.65 years, and 182 (58.71%) were female subjects. Using the 33.33rd and 66.67th percentiles of the observed MAIRS-MS score distribution, 169 of 238 participants (71.0%) were classified as having average AI readiness. Previous exposure to AI training (χ² =6.33, p=0.042) was significantly associated with the ethics domain of AI readiness. Total AI readiness showed extremely weak positive correlations with age (r=0.087, p=0.181) and academic year of study (r=0.057, p=0.381), with neither relationship reaching statistical significance. Among all 310 participants, more than half of the students perceived AI as useful for several educational purposes, including teaching (n=165, 53.23%), assignment preparation (n=162, 52.26%), self-learning (n=166, 53.55%), understanding complex concepts (n=170, 54.84%), and clinical case scenarios (n=161, 51.93%). Substantial proportions also expressed concerns regarding misleading information (n=151, 48.70%), potential effects on clinical skills and critical thinking (n=151, 48.71%), and data privacy (n=133, 42.90%). Conclusion Overall, undergraduate medical students demonstrated an average level of AI readiness and generally mixed-to-positive perceptions toward artificial intelligence, with a considerable proportion of students remaining neutral across several items. Previous AI training or exposure was significantly associated with the ethics domain of AI readiness. An extremely weak positive correlation was observed between the total readiness score and both age and academic year of study.
Kumarjiv K. Shreshthi, Jay H. Nimavat, Milind Makwana et al.· Cureus· 0 citations
The findings highlight the need for a supportive educational environment with guidance to enable nursing students to use artificial intelligence appropriately and responsibly when needed, particularly among vocational college students and those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
Hui-Ying Fan, Qing Zhou, Lili Deng et al.· BMC Nursing· 0 citations
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