Jan 2026· International Journal of Dentistry· Vol 2026· 0 citations· 124 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Successful alveolar regeneration requires a personalized treatment approach, considering defect morphology and individual patient characteristics, and future research should prioritize larger, long‐term, multicenter studies that include real‐world patient populations to support the development of more predictive and patient‐centered clinical protocols.
Abstract
Background Alveolar bone loss following tooth extraction remains one of the main challenges in implant dentistry. To counteract the physiological resorption that occurs post‐extraction, regenerative techniques such as alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) have been developed. These approaches use bone graft materials and barrier membranes to preserve or restore alveolar architecture, facilitating optimal implant placement. Objective This systematic review aims to critically evaluate the most relevant and methodologically robust clinical studies comparing the effectiveness of ARP and GBR techniques. Specific attention is given to membrane types, graft materials, surgical timing, and soft tissue management strategies, assessing their impact on biological, functional, and esthetic outcomes. Methods Fourteen high‐quality randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed. Key outcome measures included vertical and horizontal bone gain, implant survival rates, soft tissue stability, postoperative complications, and patient‐reported satisfaction. Results Modern resorbable membranes demonstrate comparable bone regeneration outcomes to nonresorbable ones, while minimizing surgical invasiveness. Titanium mesh offers superior bone gain in complex defects but is associated with a higher complication rate. Early intervention may improve outcomes. The choice of graft material influences both osteogenic potential and structural stability. However, generalizability is limited by small sample sizes, short follow‐up periods, and exclusion of patients with systemic comorbidities. Conclusions Successful alveolar regeneration requires a personalized treatment approach, considering defect morphology and individual patient characteristics. Future research should prioritize larger, long‐term, multicenter studies that include real‐world patient populations to support the development of more predictive and patient‐centered clinical protocols.
T titanium-reinforced d-PTFE membranes may offer mechanical advantages in space maintenance and dimensional stability, particularly in larger vertical defects; however, the available comparative evidence did not demonstrate a consistent statistically significant superiority over collagen-based approaches.
Chloé Duchatelle, Rosana Costa, Ana Sofia Vinhas et al.· Journal of Functional Biomat...· 0 citations
Introduction Tooth extraction inevitably initiates alveolar socket remodeling and resorption, particularly of the buccal bone, which may compromise future implant placement and esthetic outcomes. Methods This narrative review synthesized current evidence on post-extraction socket healing, alveolar ridge preservation, and minimally invasive tooth extraction techniques aimed at reducing surgical trauma and maintaining hard and soft tissue integrity. Results The literature demonstrates that significant dimensional changes occur following tooth extraction, with the greatest bone loss occurring in the buccal aspect during the early healing phase. Minimally invasive approaches, including periotomes, piezotomes, magnetic mallets, sonic instruments, physics forceps, vertical extraction systems, vestibular root extraction, enzymatically assisted extraction, socket-shield techniques, and root sectioning methods, have shown varying degrees of effectiveness in preserving alveolar bone, reducing postoperative pain and complications, and facilitating immediate implant placement. Adjunctive socket preservation strategies, such as alveolar ridge preservation and soft tissue grafting, further enhance maintenance of ridge dimensions and esthetic outcomes. Conclusion Atraumatic extraction is a critical component of socket preservation and successful implant therapy. While several minimally invasive techniques have demonstrated promising clinical benefits in reducing tissue trauma and preserving alveolar architecture, the quality and quantity of evidence vary among techniques. Further well-designed clinical studies are required to establish standardized protocols and strengthen evidence-based clinical decision-making for minimally invasive extraction and socket preservation.
Patr Pujarern, Wiphu Srisawan, B. Chuenjitkuntaworn et al.· Frontiers in Oral Health· 0 citations
Background Secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) places bone in the alveolar cleft, crucial for managing cleft lip and palate. SABG restores ridge continuity, aids tooth eruption, and stabilizes the maxilla. Autogenous iliac crest grafting is the standard treatment option. However, varied evidence on donor-site morbidity, graft resorption, and outcomes prompts exploring alternative grafts and adjuncts. Objective To systematically map and critically synthesize randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence on graft materials, adjunctive biologics, and outcome assessment strategies in SABG, and to identify methodological gaps that limit translational decision-making. Methods A comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for RCTs published in the last decade that evaluated graft materials and biologic adjuncts in SABG. Data on graft materials, adjunctive biologics, surgical strategies, outcome assessment methods, and clinical outcomes were extracted and synthesized narratively. Results Of 408 records identified, 27 RCTs met the eligibility criteria. Most studies used autogenous iliac crest grafting. Adjunctive strategies included platelet concentrates, cell-based therapies, barrier membranes, graft substitutes, and tissue-engineered constructs. Some studies reported improvements in early healing, intraoperative handling, or bone density. Radiographic assessments were primarily CT and CBCT-based. Outcome measures and reporting approaches varied across studies. Most studies reported short-term outcomes, with limited long-term follow-up data available. Conclusions Across the 27 RCTs, autogenous iliac crest bone remained the main graft and comparator, with no adjunct or alternative showing consistent superiority in bone volume, density, or resorption. Adjunct benefits were context-dependent, while heterogeneity in outcomes, imaging, and follow-up limited cross-study comparability.
Alfan Maulana Erdiansyah, Husni Mubarak, Y. Y. Ariestiana et al.· Journal of Oral Biology and...· 0 citations
While DO provides the greatest vertical bone gain, the GBR techniques might be a more clinically practical option, however, future well-planned RCTs to identify effective vertical bone augmentation techniques are still warranted.
Tooth extraction led to a high degree of dimensional changes in the alveolar ridge that could jeopardize future implant placement and restorative results. While guided bone regeneration had extensively been used for ridge preservation, its healing predictability and regenerative limitations prompted the incorporation of biologic agents. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess hard and soft tissue outcomes of ridge preservation after clarifying the use of biologics with guided bone regeneration based on current evidence. In particular, the study investigated how biologic integration improves hard tissue generation, soft-tissue repair, postoperative recovery, clinical efficiency, treatment satisfaction and the factors limiting uptake. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional research design, and primary data were collected from in-service dental professionals through structured questionnaire by purposive sampling method. Using Cochran’s formula, sample size was determined. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods, including mean and standard deviation. The results demonstrated that biologic-assisted guided bone regeneration produced significant improvements in several aspects of Osseo integration, including increased bone density, ridge preservation, graft maturation, soft tissues thickness and healing efficiency. Finally led to superior esthetics. Results also demonstrated decreased post-operative complication rates, improved clinical efficiency, and strong treatment satisfaction among participants. Unfortunately, high costs, limited availability of valid and scalable tests, training requirements and regulatory barriers emerged as significant obstacles to adoption. This study found that guided bone regeneration combined with biologics can markedly improve hard and soft tissue results of ridge preservation, which strongly supports its clinical application in regenerative dentistry.
Larry Angel Delgado Martín, Nusrat Mehjabin Reza· American Journal of Medical...· 0 citations
OBJECTIVE
Reconstruction of severe vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge defects remains a clinical challenge in implant dentistry. The Khoury bone plate technique is widely used; however, graft resorption and limited graft containment may affect outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the Composite Cortical Plate Grafting (CCPG) technique compared with the Khoury bone plate technique. This retrospective comparative clinical study included 64 ridge augmentation procedures performed using either a CCPG technique (n=32) or the Khoury bone plate technique (n=32). The dual-layer approach involved cortical plate fixation, composite grafting with autogenous bone and xenograft, followed by an additional xenograft layer and pericardium membrane coverage. Bone gain was assessed clinically and radiographically. Graft resorption was evaluated based on radiographic observations during follow-up. Implant success was defined by clinical stability and absence of complications. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 12 months.
RESULTS
The CCPG technique showed greater bone gain and improved graft stability compared with the Khoury technique. Lower graft resorption and higher implant placement success rates were observed in the CCPG group (93.7% versus 75%). Complication rates were lower in the CCPG group.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that the CCPG technique may provide favorable outcomes in terms of bone gain and graft stability compared with the Khoury technique. This approach represents a modification of established ridge augmentation methods and may be considered in the management of complex alveolar defects.
Unknown authors· The Journal of craniofacial...· 0 citations
We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads.
See our Cookie Policy.
