AI Networking Cookbook: Practical recipes for AI-assisted network automation and development
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Quinoa produces 20E through a seven-gene biosynthetic cluster encoding five cytochrome P450s, a fatty acid hydroxylase-like enzyme (FAH), and a 2-oxoglutarate–dependent dioxygenase (2OGD) that provides a blueprint for engineering 20E and defining its broader ecological functions.
Insect herbivores have driven plants to evolve complex chemical defenses, including mimics of the arthropod molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Many distantly related plants produce 20E, suggesting multiple, independent evolutionary origins. However, despite the prevalence of 20E in arthropods and plants, complet...
The evolutionary expansion of specialized metabolism has shaped the ability of plants to adapt to combined pest, disease, and environmental pressures. In maize (Zea mays), the duplication and divergence of ancestral gibberellin pathway genes have given rise to specialized kauralexin and dolabralexin diterpenoids that s...
Flavonoids are polyphenolic natural products predominantly isolated from plants and exhibit a diverse array of biological activities. Because they serve as important pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, there is a strong demand for their sustainable supply. Chlorflavonin is a rare fungal flavonoid with potent antituberc...
The evolution of indoleacetic acid (IAA) into the plant hormone auxin remains unclear. Here, we compared IAA response and metabolism in land plants and their closest living relatives, the streptophyte algae, using chemical treatments, phytohormone profiling, and targeted and untargeted metabolomics. Streptophyte algae...
Closely related plant species often exhibit striking diversity in their specialized metabolism, yet the genomic and evolutionary mechanisms driving this divergence are often elusive. The globally important cinnamon species Cinnamomum cassia and C. verum represent a classic example, producing leaf essential oils dominat...
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