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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Awareness Towards Business Sustainability Among Malaysian Northern Region SMEs

Jul 2026 · Journal of Human Development and Communication (JoHDeC) · Vol 15, pp. 241-257 · 0 citations · 37 references

Abstract

business sustainability among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia's northern region. As SMEs are the backbone of the Malaysian economy, their capacity to adopt and sustain CSR practices is crucial for long-term growth. Despite the benefits, many SMEs view CSR as complex, costly, and time-consuming, facing significant barriers like limited resources and a lack of strategic planning. In response, this research investigates three key CSR awareness dimensions: knowledge of CSR principles, perceived importance of CSR, and implementation challenges, to assess their influence on SME sustainability. A quantitative approach was used, employing structured onlinequestionnaires distributed to SME owners, managers, and decision-makers in the manufacturing, retail, agriculture, and service sectors. A total of 357 valid responses were obtained, yielding an 89.25% response rate. Data analysis using SPSS, including regression analysis, revealed that both knowledge of CSR principles (β=0.311, p < 0.001) and the perceived importance of CSR (β=0.311, p < 0.001) are significantly related to business sustainability. Conversely, while challenges such as limited resources were statistically significant, the results (β = 0.223, p < 0.001) suggest that SMEs may adopt adaptive strategies to overcome obstacles. The findings highlight the need for greater CSR awareness, strategic integration, and supportive frameworks to strengthen CSR practices among SMEs. Recommendations are provided for SME leaders and policymakers to enhance CSR frameworks and align them with sustainable development goals, addressing the challenges SMEs face in innovating or adopting more effective strategies to survive. Kajian ini mengkaji impak kesedaran terhadap Tanggungjawab Sosial Korporat (CSR) terhadap kelestarian perniagaan dalam kalangan Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana (PKS) di wilayah utara Malaysia. Sebagai tulang belakang ekonomi Malaysia, keupayaan PKS untuk mengamalkan dan mengekalkan inisiatif CSR adalah penting bagi pertumbuhan jangka panjang. Walaupun CSR menawarkan pelbagai manfaat, ramai pemilik PKS masih menganggapnya sebagai sesuatu yang kompleks, mahal dan memakan masa, selain berhadapan dengan halangan seperti kekurangan sumber dan perancangan yang lemah. Oleh itu, kajian ini meneliti tiga dimensi utama kesedaran CSR, iaitu pengetahuan tentang prinsip CSR, kepentingan CSR yang dirasakan, dan cabaran pelaksanaan CSR, bagi menentukan pengaruhnya terhadap kelestarian perniagaan dalam kalangan PKS. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dengan mengedarkan soal selidik berstruktur secara dalam talian kepada pemilik, pengurus dan pembuat keputusan PKS dalam sektor pembuatan, peruncitan, pertanian dan perkhidmatan. Sebanyak 357 respons yang sah telah diperoleh, menghasilkan kadar respons sebanyak 89.25%. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS, termasuk analisis regresi, menunjukkan bahawa pengetahuan tentang prinsip CSR (β = 0.311, p < 0.001) dan kepentingan CSR yang dirasakan (β = 0.311, p < 0.001) mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kelestarian perniagaan. Selain itu, walaupun cabaran seperti kekurangan sumber didapati signifikan secara statistik, dapatan kajian (β = 0.223, p < 0.001) menunjukkan bahawa PKS mampu menggunakan strategi penyesuaian untuk mengatasi halangan tersebut. Dapatan kajian ini menekankan keperluan untuk meningkatkan kesedaran CSR, integrasi strategik dan kerangka sokongan yang lebih kukuh bagi memperkasakan amalan CSR dalam kalangan PKS. Kajian ini turut mengemukakan cadangan kepada pemimpin PKS dan pembuat dasar untuk memperkukuhkan pelaksanaan kerangka CSR serta menyelarasnya dengan matlamat pembangunan mampan. Langkah ini penting bagi membantu PKS menangani cabaran yang dihadapi, terus berinovasi dan meneroka strategi yang lebih berkesan untuk kelangsungan perniagaan.

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