Aug 2026· Nature Communications· Vol 17· 0 citations· 83 references
Medicine
Abstract
To systematically map cellular factors constraining nonviral genome editing, influencing uptake and intracellular trafficking, we develop a genome-wide CRISPR screening platform linking perturbation of 19,114 genes to editing outcomes in human cells. We identify six negative regulators of delivery whose depletion increases editing efficiency by up to six-fold across diverse payloads, loci, and cell types. We test the top two factors, GJB2 and BET1L, in two distinct human models: correction of a pathogenic adenine base mutation in KCNJ13 and introduction of a cytosine base mutation in the GABAA receptor gene. Depletion of either improves base-editing outcomes by 6-fold, potentially through effects on delivery. In a patient-derived model of retinal channelopathy, knockdown of either gene improves lipid nanoparticle base editing efficiency by over 3.5-fold. This enables functional restoration of Kir7.1 ion channels in a subset of edited cells, highlighting cellular barriers as actionable targets to enhance the potency of genetic therapies. Low editing efficiency of nonviral delivery in post mitotic tissues presents a challenge to the field of gene therapy. Here, authors dissect the genetic regulators of nonviral delivery in post mitotic retinal epithelial cells describe strategies for improved base editor delivery and editing.
A novel genome-wide CRISPR screening strategy that will facilitate the systematic engineering of novel nonviral genome editing delivery methods, where the identified novel gene hits can be further used to increase editing efficiency for other therapeutically relevant cell types.
Shivani Saxena, Meha Kabra, Amr A. Abdeen et al.· bioRxiv· 2 citations
A comprehensive review of delivery modalities of CRISPR systems solely in vivo that underpin their therapeutic translation and outlines the remaining barriers to durable, tissue-selective, and broadly deployable CRISPR therapeutics is provided.
L. Martin, Jure Bohinc, Alessandra Recchia et al.· International Journal on Bio...· 0 citations
Over a decade of advances in Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based technologies have culminated in the first-ever FDA-approved CRISPR/Cas-based therapy. Aside from this approved therapy for sickle cell anemia, several CRISPR/Cas-based therapies are currently under development or testing for a range of chronic diseases, including viral diseases like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, genetic diseases like familial hypercholesterolemia, and cancer. The success of these therapies hinges on the effective delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to target regions, efficient Cas endonuclease editing, repair profiles generated, and their resulting outcomes. Here, we discuss the factors that influence the generation of CRISPR/Cas9-generated repair edits, the overall profiles, and outcome prediction(s), as well as the analytical tools that have been developed to date. Finally, how this technology has been used towards a functional HIV-1 cure is discussed.
Samuel N. Effah, Shirley C. Barrera, Nahia Urturi Ortiz et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
The potential application of CRISPR technology for the possible management of geneticbased conditions, including sickle-cell anemia, β-thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy is described.
M. Veer, Poonam Nikam, Omkar More et al.· International Journal of Dru...· 0 citations
The clinical translation of CRISPR- Cas9 therapeutics requires rigorous and biologically grounded evaluation of genome editing fidelity that extends beyond conventional measures of on-target efficiency and canonical off-target detection. Existing fidelity assessment strategies often capture limited aspects of editing outcomes and do not fully account for context-dependent biochemical, epigenetic, and cellular heterogeneity that can influence therapeutic safety and efficacy. This review focuses on analytical and translational frameworks for CRISPR fidelity assessment, with emphasis on the strengths and limitations of current bioanalytical platforms. Recent advances integrating orthogonal technologies including digital droplet PCR, genome-wide off-target mapping approaches (e.g., CIRCLE-seq and GUIDE-seq), and single-cell proteogenomic profiling enable more comprehensive characterization of editing outcomes across molecular and functional dimensions. Applications in edited T cells targeting immune checkpoints and in hematopoietic stem cell correction models illustrate how multi-layered analyses can reveal context-dependent variability and previously undetected off-target effects. Emerging approaches, including integrative scoring frameworks and AI-assisted analytical models, are discussed in an exploratory context, with emphasis on current limitations, validation requirements, and challenges in standardization. In addition, ongoing efforts toward minimally invasive monitoring strategies are considered with respect to their potential, as well as their current constraints. Despite significant progress, major challenges remain in assay harmonization, cross-platform comparability, and translation to clinically actionable frameworks. Accordingly, CRISPR fidelity is best understood as a multi-dimensional biological phenotype that requires careful, context-specific evaluation. This perspective provides a balanced foundation for advancing genome editing toward safer and more reliable therapeutic applications.
Arpita Mukherjee· Journal of Rare Diseases· 1 citation