LLM4LLM is introduced, a deployment-aware closed-loop optimization framework that starts from a target inference script, extracts phase-aware optimization tasks, searches with an experience-guided episodic agent, and accepts patches through in-model validation.
Abstract
Large language models have become increasingly capable agents for low-level code and kernel optimization, but isolated kernel benchmarks provide only a proxy for the deployment behavior that matters in language-model inference. We identify a benchmark-to-deployment gap: candidate kernels that appear correct and fast in standalone harnesses can exhibit different performance, safety, or phase behavior after integration into a real inference workload. We introduce LLM4LLM, a deployment-aware closed-loop optimization framework that starts from a target inference script, extracts phase-aware optimization tasks, searches with an experience-guided episodic agent, and accepts patches through in-model validation. Across ten language-model inference workloads on A100 and H100 GPUs, LLM4LLM improves end-to-end latency for every evaluated model, achieving 3.91$\times$/6.98$\times$ geometric-mean speedups on A100/H100; as supporting kernel-level evidence, it also attains up to 2.745$\times$ GeoMean speedup on KernelBench Level 2.
Atrex-Bench is presented, a benchmark whose 30 operators and 440 shapes are sampled directly from full-cluster production inference traces of compute-limited, memory-rich GPUs, and a profile-driven kernel-optimization agent that combines iterative measure-revise search, optimization dropout for escaping stalled search contexts, and a layered GPU-optimization knowledge base is co-released.
The Agent-Ass kernels outperform the Full-Agent artifacts across the evaluated definitions, indicating that expert-provided optimization directions, high-quality references, and workload context remain critical for reliable AI-driven kernel optimization.
Yue Shui, Chenyu Ma, Hang Xu et al.· arXiv.org· 1 citation
EPIC mitigates imbalance via performance-aware expert migration and runtime expert activation, and then improves communication with topology-adaptive transport kernels and fine-grained computation-communication overlap.
Jiamin Cao, Qingxu Li, Yaozhong Liu et al.· Conference on Applications,...· 0 citations
KOPE is presented, an experience-driven framework for hardware kernel optimization that records optimization trajectories with correctness and performance feedback in Experience Graph Memory, then uses Active Context Management and Injection to retrieve relevant experience under a fixed token budget.
Siyuan Chen, Runlin Hou, Shenxi Wu et al.· 0 citations
CAKE, a compiler-agent co-design in which agents author CAKE IR, a typed, hardware-explicit schedule representation, exposes warp roles, memory movement, synchronization, and pipelines while supporting verification, cost modeling, and localized diagnostics.
Results show that a compiler-defined symbolic interface turns native kernel synthesis into verified design-space exploration: compiler infrastructure preserves legality and correctness, while neural guidance improves workload-specific performance with lower search cost and complete coverage.
Ruijie Gao, Jirong Yang, B. Lyu et al.· 0 citations
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