The skin serves as the largest protective barrier organ of the human body and is easily impaired by trauma, infection and chronic diseases. Efficient wound dressings are indispensable for repairing infected wounds. Isochlorogenic acid A (IAA), the core active ingredient of Shanyinhua, has superior anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. However, low water solubility and weak structural stability restrict its direct application in wound treatment. In this work, IAA@Fe(III) nanoparticles (IAA@Fe(III) NPs) were synthesized through self-assembly and loaded into cross-linked amylopectin (Amy)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) (AC hydrogel) to construct Amy/CMCS@NPs composite dressings. Characterizations demonstrated that nanoparticles displayed a uniform spherical shape with a size of 114.20 ± 2.29 nm and stable coordination. The hydrogel featured a dense porous structure and outstanding mechanical performance, self-healing ability, adhesion, and swelling properties. In vitro tests proved that 50 mg/mL composite hydrogel exerted nearly 100% bacteriostatic activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), with good biocompatibility, and enhanced cell migration capacity. In vivo assays indicated an 86.5% wound healing rate at day 7. This dressing could downregulate Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), upregulate Cluster of Differentiation 31 (CD31) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and accelerate wound repair. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the exploitation of IAA-based wound dressings and high-value utilization of Shanyinhua resources.
Advanced wound dressings that modulate the wound microenvironment, enable sustained therapeutic delivery, and limit pathological scarring remain an ongoing challenge in regenerative medicine. A multifunctional nanocomposite hydrogel was prepared using iota and lambda carrageenan followed by ionic crosslinking with CaCl2. This hydrogel was further functionalized with hyaluronic acid grafted with l-arginine (HA-Arg) for enhanced cellular response. Niosomes packed with asiaticoside were additionally incorporated into the hydrogel to provide therapeutic biochemical signaling at the nanoscale. The niosomes formed showed nanometric size (±160 nm), low polydispersity (0.30 ± 0.04), stable negative surface charge, high encapsulation efficiency (up to 82%), and sustained release of loaded drugs for 72 h. As determined by various structural and physicochemical characterizations, stable hydrogel formation with favorable porous architecture, swelling behavior, thermal stability, and homogeneous distribution of nanovesicles was well established. The hydrogel, which was studied in vitro, exhibited excellent biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and enhanced cell-material interactions. The in vivo niosome-loaded formulation shows about 80% closure of wounds on day 14 compared with 70% in controls. Histopathological analysis revealed a trend toward less inflammation, more blood vessels, more fibroblasts, and better organization of collagen formation, indicating the potential for advanced wound care products.
Rizos Evangelos Bikiaris, Ioanna Koumentakou, A. Niti et al.· ACS Applied Bio Materials· 0 citations
The ability of hydrogels to promote wound healing has been extensively studied. Developing multifunctional hydrogel dressings to address the complex microenvironment of infected wounds remains a significant challenge and focus in current research. Herein, inspired by adhesion chemistry, we constructed a multifunctional composite hydrogel (GelDA/OPL) with excellent adhesion, self-healing properties, injectability, and photothermal antibacterial activity through Schiff base crosslinking between dopamine-modified gelatin (GelDA) and oxidized pullulan (OPL). By varying the concentration of OPL, the mechanical and rheological properties of GelDA/OPL can be appropriately adjusted. Furthermore, by introducing phycocyanin-modified CeO2@PC NPs, we endowed GelDA/OPL with remarkable antioxidant characteristics capable of rapidly scavenging ˙OH, ABTS˙+, and DPPH˙ radicals. The results indicate that the incorporation of catechol groups not only enhanced the adhesive performance of GelDA/OPL/CeO2@PC hydrogels but also imparted exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency under 808 nm laser irradiation, effectively inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The applicability of GelDA/OPL/CeO2@PC hydrogels in promoting wound healing in vivo was further validated using a full-thickness skin defect infection model in rats. Overall, the prepared GelDA/OPL/CeO2@PC hydrogel represents a promising multifunctional wound dressing that contributes to accelerating the healing process for infected wounds.
Chen Zhang, Surui Yang, Zhi Xu et al.· Journal of materials chemist...· 0 citations
Antibiotics overuse frequently leads to bacterial resistance. A number of innovative approaches are being developed for bacteria inhibition. Fabrication of a biocompatible, easily prepared antibacterial dressings is highly desirable for promoting infected wound healing. In this work, a photothermal antibacterial dressing (TFe@SC) was constructed based on a natural polyphenolic molecule tannic acid, sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CHI). Tannic acid chelated with iron ion to form a tannin‑iron ion TA-Fe3+ coordination complex (TFe), which have photothermal properties. Furthermore, TFe was integrated into the sodium alginate (SA)-Ca2+-chitosan (CHI) composite hydrogel (SC hydrogel). The amino and carboxyl groups of SC hydrogel and phenolic hydroxyl groups of TFe generate hydrogen bonding interactions, enabling TFe to be firmly incorporated into the interior structure of SC hydrogel. TFe@SC hydrogel possesses some properties of antimicrobial dressings, such as high biosafety, adhesion to bacteria, and inhibition of bacterial proliferation with photothermal therapy (PTT). Meanwhile, the TFe@SC hydrogel was constituted by a variety of natural biomass molecules, including tannins, sodium alginate and chitosan, which endow the hydrogel with biocompatibility. Fe@SC hydrogel is a facile and easily synthesized composite material, which holds great promise for application as a functional hydrogel dressing.
Chenhui Ji, Zhongzhong Lu, Pengfei Chen et al.· International Journal of Bio...· 0 citations
A multifunctional hydrogel patch developed by chemically modifying chitosan with N-acetylsulfonyl chloride and forming a cross-linked network with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) represents a promising multifunctional dressing for the effective management of infected wounds.
Insha Kakroo, Nayeema Gull, Insha Mehraj et al.· ACS Applied Bio Materials· 0 citations
Chronic wounds pose a major clinical challenge due to a complex pathophysiological condition. It is characterized by persistent inflammation, excessive oxidative stress, and a high risk of bacterial infection, which hinders tissue repair. To address this, a multifunctional hydrogel dressing based on gallic acid conjugated chitosan (G‐CHI) and integrated with simvastatin and heparin‐functionalized Ag/Zn‐doped bioactive glass (HBG). The incorporation of gallic acid improved the structural integrity and viscoelastic behavior of the hydrogel. The release kinetics study demonstrated controlled liberation of Ag
+
and Zn
2+
ions within biologically safe limits over 24 h, while simvastatin exhibited diffusion‐controlled release behavior. The hydrogel also exhibited desirable adhesive properties, indicating its suitability as a wound dressing material. In vitro biofunctional assays showed enhanced antioxidant activity (~75% free radical scavenging), hemocompatibility (< 5% hemolysis), and effectiveness against both
Staphylococcus aureus
and
Escherichia coli
(> 90% efficacy in time kill assay). Further, synergistic release of simvastatin and bioglass showed enhanced proliferation of fibroblast (NIH 3T3), keratinocyte (HaCaT), and endothelial cells (SVEC), accompanied by increased collagen deposition compared to control groups. These findings suggest that the synthesized hydrogel (BSG‐CHI) provides a favorable microenvironment for tissue regeneration and wound management applications.
Durgesh Kumar, Suhela Tyeb, Baby Shruit Shukla et al.· MedComm – Biomaterials and A...· 0 citations
Bacteria-infected wounds are very difficult to treat, largely because the pathological microenvironment involved is dynamic. The requirements for infected wound repair are multifaceted, and conventional hydrogel dressings cannot adequately meet them due to their limited functionality. In this study, we report the construction of a multifunctional, pH/ROS dual-responsive hydrogel based on dynamic Schiff base and borate ester linkages. Oxidized pullulan (OPu) was used to fabricate the hydrogel, and the bioactive polyphenol chlorogenic acid (CA) acted as the crosslinking agent. Next, we synthesized the carbon dots derived from Isatis root (IR-CDs) using the hydrothermal method and subsequently incorporated them into the hydrogel. The hydrogel exhibited excellent injectability and self-healing capability, enabling application at irregular wound sites. Under the acidic and oxidative conditions of infected wounds, the hydrogel gradually dissociated, releasing IR-CDs and CA in a controlled manner. IR-CDs exhibited potent antibacterial activity, while CA and IR-CDs in combination efficiently scavenged excessive reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, therefore promoting tissue regeneration and reducing inflammation. Both in vitro and in vivo evaluations confirmed that the hydrogel was highly biocompatible and provided anti-infective, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects during the early stages of healing, followed by an increase in angiogenesis and acceleration of the wound healing process. The hydrogel developed in this study is versatile and can serve as a promising and effective biomaterial platform for managing bacteria-infected wounds.
Yajuan Chen, Yifan Ouyang, Mingkang Yang et al.· International Journal of Bio...· 0 citations