Glypican-3-targeted therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: biological insights and therapeutic strategies

Beyond Antibodies: Glypican-3-Targeting Peptides for Precision Hepatocellular Carcinoma Theranostics.

Glypican-3 (GPC-3) is a cell-surface glycoprotein, highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but largely absent in normal adult liver tissues, making it a clinically compelling biomarker and therapeutic target. Although monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates have proven to be GPC-3-targeted therapi...

Glypican-3 as a Theranostic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Glypican-3 (GPC3) has emerged as an attractive molecular target for the imaging and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is highly expressed in most tumors but shows no or minimal expression in the normal adult liver and cirrhosis. This expression profile has stimulated the parallel development of GPC3-directe...

Glypican-3-targeted bioconjugates for hepatocellular carcinoma: design, engineering, and translational applications.

Discovery and Optimization of the Novel Immunotoxins Targeting TROP2 for Cancer Therapy

Background: Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is widely overexpressed in epithelial cancers and associated with poor prognosis, representing an attractive target for cancer treatment. Recent clinical studies reported favorable outcomes of TROP2-targeting antibody–drug conjugates. However, heterogeneity of huma...

Tumor-homing peptides in precision oncology: Mechanisms, design and recent advances.

Mechanisms of systemic administration of cytotoxic and immunomodulatory agents are hindered due to poor intratumoral retention and off-target toxicities. While Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) have achieved substantial clinical success and validated the paradigm of targeted therapy, their large size (~150 kDa) limits th...

Recent Advances in Cyclic Peptide-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Focused Review

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), especially clear cell RCC (ccRCC), remains difficult to control after resistance to targeted therapy or immune checkpoint blockade develops. Cyclic peptides provide conformationally constrained and chemically adaptable scaffolds for direct target modulation, tumor-selective payload...