Evaluative Language and Power: Appraisal Theory in South African Political Rhetoric

Abstract

This study examines the re-appropriation of state memorial space into an arena of political resistance through the lens of Systemic Functional Linguistics’ Appraisal Theory. Focusing strictly on the Attitude subsystem, it analyses the 2016 funeral address delivered by Dr. Sipho Pityana for Reverend Makhenkesi Arnold Stofile (1944-2016). Through a linguistic examination of 142 evaluative clause units across English and isiXhosa in this address, the article demonstrates how evaluative meanings are strategically deployed. The findings reveal that while positive Affect expresses collective grief and veneration for the deceased, negative Judgement morally condemns corruption and state capture among incumbent leaders. Furthermore, Appreciation constructs institutional decline. By isolating Affect, Judgement, and Appreciation, the article illustrates how emotional expression and moral evaluation intersect to challenge political authority in post-apartheid South Africa.