From Policy To Practice: Reviewing A Decade of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices Among India’s Top 100 Companies

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of governance, financial, environmental, and stakeholder-related factors on the success of implementation, monitoring, reputation, and sustainability outcomes. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to study how corporate sustainability components interact with each other. The research results showed that most endogenous constructs received strong explanatory power, although implementation achieved R² = 1.000, reputation reached R² = 0.982 and sustainability obtained R² = 0.909. The research established reliability and convergent validity through assessments of Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and average variance extracted, all of which exceeded the established threshold requirements. The study identified discriminant validity problems because high inter construct correlations existed between different constructs. The structural model shows that constructs have important relationships that produce strong positive impacts between reputation and sustainability, and between governance and strategic outcomes. The study results could help people understand integrated sustainability frameworks while showing how organisations can increase their performance through structured governance and monitoring systems.