Local Education Policy Networks: Comparative Governance in Banggai and Gorontalo

Abstract

Research Aims:This study aims to analyze educational policy network leadership in Kabupaten Banggai and Gorontalo and examine how local contexts shape variations in educational leadership models. It also explores how interactions between state and non-state actors influence the implementation and financing of education policy at the local level. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a comparative case study approach using qualitative methods. Data were collected through document analysis, literature review, and statistical data analysis. The study examines leadership dynamics and actor interactions within the framework of network governance. Research Findings: The findings indicate that both regions implement education decentralization by involving non-state actors and pursuing improved access and quality. However, Kabupaten Banggai develops a collaborative leadership model characterized by distributed leadership and strong community participation, while Gorontalo adopts a more centralized model through the free education program. These differences reflect variations in power distribution, participation, and policy flexibility. From a public management perspective, Banggai’s collaborative model promotes allocative efficiency through community-supported resources, whereas Gorontalo’s centralized approach provides fiscal predictability and service standardization. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to network governance theory by demonstrating how local institutional contexts shape different configurations of policy network leadership. It further highlights that governance structures influence not only policy implementation but also the cost-effectiveness and long-term sustainability of local education financing.