Investigating the pollution factors of Kabul city in Winter Season (A Case Study: 1398–1402)

Abstract

Air pollution is one of the phenomena that has increased with the industrialization of today's world and it can be harmful for all living organisms and plants exposed to polluted air. The city of Kabul with more than five million people is the capital and administrative center of gravity of Afghanistan, who are facing the problem of air pollution. With the arrival of the winter season, this destructive phenomenon has doubled, which increases the air pollution of the city of Kabul and is like a silent killer. The citizens of Kabul have acted and it is causing the gradual death of the citizens of this city. Accordingly, this problem added to the motivation of the research in the field of air pollution in Kabul city in the winter season and caused the researcher to conduct research in this direction, and the purpose of this research was to state the causes of air pollution in the city of Kabul in winter season. The importance of this research is that it is received through this type of research to introduce the pollution factors of Kabul city in winter season, identify its factors, and discuss its adverse effects. The research method is qualitative and is expressed analytically and descriptively, and its sources are collected from books, scientific articles, using internet sites, and sources are collected from relevant departments. The results of research show that polluting factors of Kabul city in winter due to the use of coal, rubber, plastic, wood and old tires to heat houses; Traffic of vehicles, industrial activities, lack of electrical energy, non-standard infrastructure, being surrounded by mountains and natural reduction of air conditioning have caused the air pollution of this city, which brings life and financial risks to the citizens of Kabul city.