GAMBIA AND AIR POLLUTION: CHALLENGES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Abstract

The Gambia, a small West African country, faces growing challenges related to air pollution despite its relatively low industrial activity. This study explores the causes, impacts, and mitigation strategies surrounding air quality in The Gambia, focusing on urbanization, vehicle emissions, biomass use, waste burning, and deforestation as major contributors. Additionally, the study assesses the complex role of the Atlantic Ocean in influencing air pollution, both positively and negatively. The adverse health effects, particularly on vulnerable populations, are emphasized, along with the environmental and economic impacts, including on tourism. The report also outlines key pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, which significantly affect public health and contribute to climate change. Mitigation strategies are discussed, including the promotion of clean energy, improved waste management, afforestation, and public awareness campaigns. Specific recommendations for sustainable tourism practices and vehicle emissions regulations are also proposed. Finally, the study calls for a coordinated effort among government, civil society, and international partners to implement effective air quality management policies and improve monitoring systems. Addressing air pollution is crucial for protecting public health, preserving the environment, and ensuring the long-term economic resilience of The Gambia.