Effective Lagrangian regularity and the uniqueness threshold for random H\"older velocity fields

Abstract

We study the behavior of the ordinary differential equations, flow maps, and continuity equations associated to autonomous random velocity fields that admit a natural multiscale finite range decomposition. The velocity fields we consider are only H\"older regular in space---$C^{\alpha-}(\mathbb{T}^d)$ for some $\alpha \in (0,1)$---thus the associated ODE and continuity equation are not a priori well-posed. However, above the critical threshold of $\alpha = 1/2$, due to multiscale stochastic cancellations, we prove well-posedness is almost surely restored away from the zero level set of the velocity field. This threshold marks a genuine transition, as demonstrated by examples lying below the threshold that exhibit robust ill-posedness. We additionally provide effective regularity estimates below the critical threshold and prove analogous results in the related"refreshing"regime.