Association Analysis of Myocardial Injury Markers With Post-PCI Clinical Outcomes: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a key revascularization strategy for coronary artery disease, but some patients still experience major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) post-procedure. Myocardial injury biomarkers reflect cardiomyocyte damage, yet evidence on their combined analysis for post-PCI outcomes is limited. This study investigated the association between multiple myocardial injury biomarkers—including creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)—and post-PCI MACE, and evaluated their potential for risk identification. Methods: This single-center retrospective study enrolled 266 consecutive patients who underwent PCI from January 2022 to January 2024. Patients were divided into MACE (n = 43) and non-MACE (n = 223) groups based on 12-month follow-up. Baseline data and post-procedural (within 24 h) levels of CK-MB, cTnI, AST, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified independent factors for MACE, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed discriminative ability. Results: Multivariate regression showed that CK-MB (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.02, p < 0.001), cTnI (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06, p < 0.001), and dyslipidemia (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.14–4.91, p = 0.021) were independently associated with post-PCI MACE. The combination of these factors (dyslipidemia, CK-MB, cTnI) yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.66–0.84), sensitivity of 88.0% and specificity of 78.0%. Conclusion: In post-PCI patients, CK-MB, cTnI, and dyslipidemia are independently associated with MACE risk. Combining these myocardial injury markers with clinical characteristics provides value for identifying adverse outcomes and may assist postoperative risk assessment.