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small language model

3,243 papers

#small language model Review Sep 2026

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching Ophthalmology Skills: A Systematic Review.

AI-enabled interventions show promise as adjuncts to ophthalmology training, particularly for diagnostic learning and objective feedback, but evidence remains limited by small samples and heterogeneity, requiring larger, standardized studies to define AI's role.

Abu Bakar Butt, Rachel Leong, Michael Balas et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Book Open access Sep 2026

Evaluating LLM Social Cognition Through Multi-Agentic Strategic Games

A strategic game arena is introduced that situates LLM agents in social deduction scenarios inspired by Among Us, requiring theory of mind, deception detection, and cooperative deliberation under uncertainty, and motivates architectural changes for virtual agents that must cooperate with humans.

Kevin Kurian, Kevin Scroggins, Emmanuel Dorley et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Morphological Hijacking in Frozen Language Models: Recovering Structured Representations and Testing the Limits of Algebraic Composition

This revised manuscript presents a controlled study of morphological hijacking in frozen language-model representations using the synthetic LUXVAR/VARZIN framework. The study shows that adversarial surface structure can dominate frozen representations, while a lightweight trained projection head can substantially recov...

Nirouyar Reza · 0 citations
#generative ai Open access Sep 2026

Subset Heterogeneity in Reward Model Benchmarks: A CONFIRM Validation of 174 RewardBench 2 Models

Background. RewardBench 2 aggregates pairwise preference accuracy across heterogeneous task families (factuality, instruction following, safety, and others). A single leaderboard score can mask systematic subset specialization, yet standard benchmark reporting rarely tests whether accuracy is independent of task catego...

Alvaro Chaveste-Fernandez · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Spanish version of the personal experience of aging scale: psychometric analyses from classical and network psychometrics approaches in a Chilean sample

The Spanish PEAS shows robust evidence for a three-dimensional structure, good reliability, and measurement invariance up to thresholds across age groups in Chilean adults.

Oscar Terán-Mendoza, Vicente Cancino · 0 citations
#small language model Dataset Open access Sep 2026

Preregistered Tests of Local-Noise Predictions for GHZ Coherence Under Matched Qubit Environments on IBM Kingston

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22283967Record set: EC-MECH campaign (EC-MECH-001 pilot + EC-MECH-002)Related to: EC-STORAGE-001, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21299091 Research question: Can the coherence lifetime of an entangled multi-qubit state be predicted from the measured coherence losses of its individual qubits? Plain language summa...

Amit Brahmbhatt · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Posterior Ontology Memory: Bayesian Prediction Across Mutable Semantic Schemas

Posterior Ontology Memory (POM) models uncertainty in the vocabulary used by a symbolic memory, rather than assuming that its semantic schema is fixed. It treats mappings from surface predicates to latent semantic categories as uncertain and carries that uncertainty into prediction. The model combines a partition prior...

Henrik W. Lautergold · 0 citations
#diffusion models Open access Sep 2026

The Past, Present and Possible Future of Thermal Remote Sensing

Thermal infrared remote sensing has reached a turning point. A status audit completed for this review identifies 55 operational satellite platform deployments on 18 August 2026. The resulting dataset contains 174 named thermal infrared instrument designs mapped to 306 historical, operational and planned satellite platf...

Homayoun Rezaie, Geoffrey J. Hay · 0 citations
#large language models Book Open access Sep 2026

Preparing Citizens for Emergency Calls with a Hybrid FSM-LLM Dialogue Agent

A task-oriented dialogue agent that simulates emergency call takers to prepare citizens for effective medical emergency communication and uses a finite-state machine as its dialogue policy and large language models for natural language understanding.

S. Klein, Jane Jean Kiam · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Evolving transition-state search with agentic large language models

An adaptive evolutionary framework for TS search workflows that prioritizes completion of a target dataset over global algorithmic robustness and suggests that adaptive, LLM-driven evolutionary workflow optimization provides a transferable strategy for improving validated TS coverage in large-scale, failure-prone scien...

Jan A. Meissner, Philipp Kuboth, Jan Meisner · 1 citation

Enhancing Image-Text Alignment in Chest X-ray Datasets by Reducing External References via a Fine-Tuned Large Language Model Pipeline.

An automated, data quality-oriented preprocessing pipeline that rewrites radiology reports at the sentence level to reduce external references is developed and can serve as an effective preprocessing step for improving the suitability of chest X-ray report datasets for multimodal model development.

Yu-Ruei Chen, Chang-Fu Kuo, Ching-Heng Lin · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Sep 2026

You Cannot Photograph the Same Street Twice: Reliability Limits in Vision-Language Measurement of Urban Change

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly used to measure urban change from repeated street-level imagery, and the results are often mapped for individual sample points. Such maps assume that a perception score changes only if the street does. We test this assumption with repeated Google Street View captures of un...

Kai-Zhen Tan · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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