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neuroscience

134 papers

#artificial intelligence Review Sep 2026

A Roadmap for MEG Foundation Models

This perspective lays down the basic concepts needed to understand MEG foundation models and provides a didactic overview of the field's key design choices, including tokenization, sensor- versus source-space representations, sensor-geometry encoding, backbone architectures, self-supervised objectives, and pretraining...

Philipp Thölke, Hamza Abdelhedi, Yorguin-José Mantilla-Ramos et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Open access Aug 2026

Inferring Affective Consciousness in an Artificial Agent: A Case Study

How a simple artificial agent that instantiates attributes of an affective system engaging in felt uncertainty about its intrinsic needs in relation to environmental resources can similarly display hedonic place preference behaviour — through an apparently subjective form of information processing — while simultaneousl...

M. Solms, St John Grimbly, B. Bassett et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Open access Sep 2026

Word-Class and Construction-Like Structure Emerges in Neural Successor Representations Trained on Natural Language

Language models are typically trained to predict the next token in a sequence. Here, we explore an alternative predictive principle from reinforcement learning: Successor Representations (SRs), which model the expected discounted distribution of future states rather than the immediate next state. We transfer this frame...

Mathis Immertreu · 0 citations
#neuroscience Preprint Sep 2026

Slow-Fast Brain-Computer Interfaces: Preventing Neuroadaptive Overfitting in AI-Mediated Neural Interfaces

This Perspective argues that AI-mediated BCIs should be evaluated not only by decoding accuracy and task performance, but also by how AI assistance is deployed: when systems act autonomously, seek confirmation, preserve user effort or return control to the user.

Aarthy Nagarajan · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

A Common Measure of Communication for Speech Brain-Computer Interfaces

Deriving open-vocabulary mutual information (OVMI), an information-theoretic quantity that measures the information conveyed by a decoder relative to a reference distribution over the words a user may wish to communicate, provides the speech BCI community with a principled way to compare heterogeneous systems, improve...

D. Jayalath, Benjamin Ballyk, Oiwi Parker Jones · 3 citations
#machine learning Open access Apr 2026

Leakage-audited benchmarking reveals limited evidence for cross-subject auditory-evoked EEG vowel perception decoding

Evidence for reliable cross-subject five-vowel decoding is limited within this dataset and protocol, and the benchmark provides a reproducible chain from source rows to retained epochs, predictions, participant-level metrics, multiplicity-adjusted inference, and bounded diagnostic analyses.

Xiao-Yan Li, Ze-Yan Tao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Multiscale Community-Based Fingerprinting of Signed Functional Networks

This work introduces a signed multilayer community detection framework that incorporates both correlated and anti-correlated brain activity to identify subject-specific community structures across tasks and sessions and offers a promising foundation for precision neuroimaging and personalized neuroscience applications.

Sema Athamnah, Selin Aviyente · 0 citations

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