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natural language processing

8,908 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Optimizing watermarks for large language models

With the rise of large language models (LLMs) and concerns about potential misuse, watermarks for generative LLMs have recently attracted much attention. An important aspect of such watermarks is the trade-off between their identifiability and their impact on the quality of the generated text. This paper introduces a s...

Bram Wouters · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

Towards Expert Financial QA via Self-Improving RAG

Self-Improving RAG is taken, a framework that decomposes document QA into three specialized agents (Retrieval, Reasoning, and Judge) coordinated by an orchestrator with feedback-driven self-correction, providing full interpretability.

Jun-Jie Xiong, S. Ghezavat, Aum Hirpara · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Context-Aware Multimodal Claim Verification in Spoken Dialogues

Spoken factual claims often occur within multi-turn conversations, where surrounding dialogue can provide context unavailable from the claim alone. Yet most fact-checking research evaluates isolated text, leaving conversational audio under-studied. We introduce MAD2, a synthetic Multi-turn Audio Dialogues benchmark for...

Chaewan Chun, Delvin Ce Zhang, Dongwon Lee · 0 citations

Routing-Aware Expert Calibration for Machine Unlearning in Mixture-of-Experts Language Models

Experiments on WMDP and MUSE-BOOKS across multiple MoE LLMs show that TRACE consistently improves the forget-utility trade-off, yielding a 9\% relative utility improvement over the strongest baseline under comparable forgetting quality and the best performance on three out of four MUSE-BOOKS metrics.

Jingyi Xie, Yi-Jun Lin, Yi Xiong et al. · 0 citations

TukaBench: A Culturally Grounded Jailbreak Benchmark for African Languages

TUKABENCH is introduced, a jailbreak benchmark for seven African languages that extends JailbreakBench (JBB) beyond direct translation through four settings: human translation of JBB prompts, English adaptation to African contexts followed by human translation, human-curated prompts validated through interactions with...

Victor Akinode, Senyu Li, W. Hamidouche et al. · 3 citations

PatchBoard: Schema-Grounded State Mutation for Reliable and Auditable LLM Multi-Agent Collaboration

PatchBoard is introduced, a schema-grounded collaboration architecture that replaces inter-agent dialogue with validated JSON Patch mutations over a shared structured state that achieves an 84.6% success rate on matched ALFWorld episodes.

Shuyu Zhang, Yaqi Shi, Jia-Rui Zhang et al. · 1 citation

When Helpful Context Leaks: Privacy Risks in Domain-Adapted ASR

A technique is proposed to automatically construct benchmarks of such attacks and apply it to measure leakage rates across two customisation mechanisms, prompting and fine-tuning, finding that fine-tuning without context prompts offers the best balance.

Maike Züfle, Jan Niehues · 1 citation

HIVE: Hidden-Evidence Verification for Hallucination Detection in Diffusion Large Language Models

HIVE, which compresses trajectory hidden states, selects informative step-layer evidence, and conditions a verifier through continuous prefix embeddings to produce a hallucination score and structured diagnostics, outperforms eight established baselines and a verifier-backbone-matched text-only control in all six setti...

Guoshenghui Zhao, Wei-Jie Zhao, Tan Yu · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Mar 2026

Toward Measuring Structural Drift in LLM Communication Loops

Structural communication coherence is introduced, quantified by two metrics: communication closure, which asks if what the pipeline returns at one turn matches what it faces next, and normalized conditional action contribution, which measures how much a sent message resolves the subsequent reply.

Wael Hafez, Amirhossein Nazeri, Chen Wei · 1 citation

SafeTutors: Benchmarking Pedagogical Safety in AI Tutoring Systems

It is argued that tutoring safety is fundamentally different from conventional LLM safety: the primary risk is not toxic content but the quiet erosion of learning through answer over-disclosure, misconception reinforcement, and the abdication of scaffolding.

Rima Hazra, Bikram Ghuku, I. Marchenko et al. · 6 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Mar 2026

EnComp: Lightweight Encoder-Only Context Compression for Retrieval-Augmented Question Answering

This work proposes a lightweight encoder-only framework for query-driven sentence pruning that preserves answer-critical evidence while aggressively reducing irrelevant context, and learns marginal contribution scores for sentences using counterfactual training signals and optimizes a contrastive ranking objective.

Thao Do, D. Tran, A. Vo et al. · 2 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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