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natural language processing

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

What Looks Like a Capability Limit in Vision-Language Models Is a Readout Limit

Benchmarks for vision-language models offer their answer choices in some convention: a letter, a color name, a pixel coordinate. That convention is treated as neutral. We find it is not, and that the limits a benchmark reports can belong to the readout rather than to the model. On 200 COCO photographs, Qwen3-VL-4B pi...

Alfredo F. Frontera Del Valle · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Psychoacoustically Aligned Latent Smoothing for Adversarial Robustness of Full-Duplex Speech-to-Speech Dialogue Models

End-to-end speech-to-speech dialogue models listen and speak simultaneously, so a continuously open acoustic channel is exposed to adversarial manipulation. We formalize imperceptible attacks on full-duplex agents as optimization over additive perturbations confined beneath the psychoacoustic masking threshold of the c...

Kian Shamsaie, Iman Modarressi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Verifiable Hidden Dynamics Play: Generating Agentic RL Environments from Solved Mechanisms

Language-model agents increasingly face long-horizon tasks with evolving state, interdependent decisions, and delayed outcomes, and scale-matched training retains gains as mechanism size and horizon grow, indicating the potential for an evolving training substrate.

Xin-Jie Shen, Wei Fan, Xu-Dong Guo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Large Knowledge Model: A Knowledge Foundation for Agentic Science at Scale

The Large Knowledge Model is proposed, a growing, agent-native knowledge foundation that provides a general representation of scientific knowledge across disciplines and an agent-native, reasoning-aware scientific retrieval system that retrieves claims together with their reasoning chains and sources, enabling agents t...

Yuan Huang, Si-Han Hu, Hong-Yu Gu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

EnSIMem: Entity-Structured Indexing for Long-Term Agent Memory

Results show that entity-structured indexing and episode-level provenance provide a reliable foundation for long-term memory in agents, and EnSIMem achieves high answer accuracy while maintaining compact, evidence-focused contexts.

Xuan-Yu Meng, Xing Fan, Xin-Yi Fan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

CAVEAT: Towards Robust Computer-Use Agents in Incentive-Misaligned Environments

CAVEAT-Harness is developed, which targets failures and raises the optimal purchase rate by up to 80.0 percentage points, and targeted post-training further improves a smaller open model, to establish incentive robustness as a distinct challenge for delegated agents and diagnose failure modes.

Yuxuan Li, Will Epperson, W. Deng et al. · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Quieter Than the Room: Representation Drift and Task Robustness in Speech Encoders

Non-speech interference can change a speech representation without causing comparable task loss. We test eight frozen encoders on four tasks, adding non-speech sounds throughout recordings, during speech, or in pauses. Under whole-recording interference, embedding drift tracks task loss across seven sounds, with mean S...

Vsevolod Kovalev, Pranay Manocha · 0 citations

ContraVis: Evidence-Grounded Visual Analytics for Contradiction Review in Legal Contracts

ContraVis is presented, a visual analytics system for human-in-the-loop contradiction analysis in legal contracts that models contracts as typed paragraph graphs that combine explicit contractual references with semantic relationships between paragraphs.

Luis Santé, Paula Lima, M. Rocha et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Text Scores Do Not Establish Performance on Lexically Non-Diagnostic Speech Tasks: A Qwen2-Audio Quantization Case Study

Text-output scores alone do not show whether quantization preserves performance on speech tasks whose target labels cannot be recovered from the transcript. We evaluate fixed mixed 4/8-bit Qwen2-Audio-7B-Instruct allocations averaging 6 and 7 bits per parameter on 508 English-to-German FLEURS utterances and on 512 RAVD...

Meng-Zhe Geng, Jin-Xin Ji, Jun-Hao Xu · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Cross-Scale Transfer Learning for Depression Severity Prediction: From PHQ-8 to HAMD-17 Across Languages and Clinical Paradigms

A sequential low-rank adaptation protocol for cross-scale transfer that attains the best point-estimate MAE, RMSE, and macro-$F_1$ on both 0.6B and 1.7B backbones, outperforming target-only training and non-LLM baselines.

Wen-Jie Feng, Sahba Zojaji, Satoshi Nakamura · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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