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natural language processing

8,685 papers

#artificial intelligence Book Open access Jun 2026

Lookahead-R: Budget-Aware Tool Retrieval via Execution-Centric Planning

Lookahead-R is proposed, a planning-based framework that reformulates tool retrieval as a resource-constrained sequential decision-making problem that introduces a lightweight execution-aware surrogate world model that jointly predicts tool execution success, latency cost, and semantic utility—without invoking real API...

Zong-Ze Wu, Ya-Ni Guo, Run-Nan Li · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

TRACE: Deployable Tree-Relational Structure Enhancement for Oncology LLMs

TRACE is presented, a deployable tree-relational enhancement framework for oncology LLMs that separates expensive offline structure learning from lightweight online inference, and suggests that explicit, updatable medical structure is a practical path toward more accurate and auditable oncology LLM deployment.

Ji-Zheng Lai, Ying-Yun Li, Ying Qin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Can Multimodal Large Language Models Generate and Detect Multimodal Social Media Fake News?

A multi-agent framework in which a story agent, an image agent, and a critic agent collaborate to produce fake social media posts that plausibly counter true news is introduced, providing a foundation for developing robust defenses against social media fake news.

Ji-Yao Yang, Yang Liu, Zhen Qin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

When Successful Memories Mislead Embodied Agents:Memory Adaption For Task-Conditioned Execution

Memory Adaptation for Task-Conditioned Execution (MATE) is introduced, a deterministic post-retrieval procedure that converts trajectories into execution-oriented memory and supports memory adaptation as a distinct stage between retrieval and embodied execution.

Quan-Quan Li, Hong-Bo Zhang, Yi-He Chi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Environment Steering: Using Data Flow Control to Improve Agent Utility and Safety

LLM agents can make unsafe tool calls even when instructed to behave safely. Existing defenses constrain agents before execution, modify tool inputs/outputs, or rely on LLM judges; these approaches may depend on model behavior or block unsafe actions without helping the agent recover. We argue that the execution enviro...

Charlie Summers, Prajwal Raghunath, Aaditya Pai et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

From Lexical Baselines to Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Structured Skill and Responsibility-Level Extraction with the SFIA Framework

This work formalizes the task as structured prediction of (skill, level) pairs from free text and asks three questions: how accurately can text be mapped onto SFIA's closed vocabulary, which strategies reliably predict the level alongside the skill, and do agentic designs improve on simpler retrieval and prompting?

Ranuga Disansa, U. Samarasinghe, Lasith Gunawardena · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Alignment Forecasting: Predicting Misalignment From Training Data

Training a language model on data with a narrow flaw can sometimes make the model broadly misaligned. Inspecting the data at face value often does not settle whether it will emerge, and today it is caught only after training, by auditing the resulting model. To complement post-hoc audits, we introduce Alignment Forecas...

Chen Yueh-Han, Bruce W. Lee, Ilia Sucholutsky et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Prompt Perturbation on Bias and Hallucination in Large Language Models

It is shown that contrary to previous studies, perturbations can mitigate bias and hallucination in some LLMs over other models, and it's found that Claude 3 is more effective for the tasks represented in most datasets, whereas models like GPT3.5 exhibit varying levels of adequacy.

Mamehgol Yousefi, Ahmad Shahi, Mos Sharifi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correction

While neural theorem provers have achieved impressive milestones in formal mathematics, they largely operate on the assumption that faithful Lean 4 formal statements are already provided. Translating informal natural language into a formal language is a critical data bottleneck plagued by an "illusion of rigor": standa...

Thomas Hirtz, Farzad Jafarrahmani, Abdelmouksit Sagueni et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Learning Meta-Skills for Agent Harness Design in Test-Time AI4AI

Across Harness-Bench and NewtonBench, full-bank meta-skills improve macro-average performance by 8.95 percentage points over no-skill construction, and 12.02 points over direct delivery of the same bank to the Target.

Cheng Qian, Kun-Lun Zhu, Bei-Bin Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

AdviSD: Learning to Advise Frontier LLMs via Targeted Multi-Turn Self-Distillation

The method, Advisor Self-Distillation (AdviSD), pairs outcome-based reinforcement learning with self-distillation from a feedback-conditioned copy of the advisor selectively, and beats matched-count random selection, supporting the value of its selection rule.

Rishabh Agrawal, He-Jie Cui, Sha-Sha Li et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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