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natural language processing

8,685 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

The Unequal Influence of Bad Advice: Using Training Data Attribution to Modulate Emergent Misalignment

This work uses training data attribution to quantitatively estimate how much each harmful example contributes to EM and benchmark the quality of the attribution via retraining -- a sound attribution score should enable us to enhance or attenuate EM by filtering data on that score.

Gonçalo Paulo, Louis Jaburi, Nora Belrose et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Learning Beyond What You Sample: Off-Policy-Aware Cross-Model Trajectory Exchange for RLVR

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) methods such as GRPO rely on successful self-generated trajectories, but finite rollout budgets can produce all-fail groups with no reward-based policy-gradient signal. While additional rollouts improve the chance of success at higher cost, successful trajectories m...

Doohyuk Jang, Y. Park, Gyouk Chu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

It's Not What the Image Shows: Irrelevant Context Destabilises VLM Judges Without Informing Them

MIST, the Misleading-Image Stress Test: 200 English sentences, each built around a phrase readable either figuratively or literally and shown with an aligned image depicting its reading, a misleading image depicting the opposite, or no image at all is introduced.

Nagham Omar, Mahmoud Jabarin, Kinan Ibraheem et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Thinking in Depth, Speaking Directly: Recurrent Latent Reasoning for Paralinguistically Grounded Spoken Dialogue

LoopSLM builds on looped Transformers for latent reasoning, reusing a decoder block to refine hidden states with acoustic grounding at every pass, and further narrows the perception-reasoning gap by separating learning to reason from learning to respond, enabling direct inference without CoT.

Sheng-Bo Cai, Yu-Xiang Wang, Jing-Ran Xie et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

A Proposed Rubric for Evaluating Expressed Clinical Reasoning in Large Language Model Responses

We propose a rubric for assessing expressed clinical reasoning in model responses, drawing on three bodies of work: medical education assessment frameworks (ART, SCT, Key Feature Problems and OSCE); clinical LLM benchmarks (MedR-Bench, HealthBench, TIMER-Bench, DR. BENCH, PrIME-LLM and PatientSafeBench); and general LL...

Zhang Jiang, Zina Ibrahim, J. Teo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

When Models Don't Manipulate Manifolds: The Geometry of a Comparison Task

This work characterize precisely the geometry of computation in a number-comparison task, as an abstraction of comparison for decision making, and how models utilize geometry in an elegant fashion to implement it, demonstrating that the manifold hypothesis can co-exist with linear representations.

Sai Sumedh R. Hindupur, Hadas Orgad, Thomas Fel et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Evaluating and Benchmarking the System One Model Jev

Jev answers MMLU's calculation-heavy questions more accurately than other MMLU questions (94% vs. 91%), whereas both open models, and all three on C-Eval, find them harder.

Tobias Deußer, L. Sparrenberg, R. Sifa · 9 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Correct, Don't Delete: Mitigating Emergent Misalignment with Corrective Supervision

It is found that a short round of training on corrections beats the same amount of training on generic chat data, that corrections on other medical prompts do roughly as well as corrections of the poisoned prompts themselves, and that instructing the correction writer to model a careful, harm-avoiding assistant adds no...

Jacob Epifano · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Hierarchical Compression of Vision-Language Model Benchmarks

The analyses show how VLM evaluation behaves as model panels grow and evolve, providing guidance for designing future benchmarks that are more efficient, robust to model turnover, and explicit about the limits of evaluation-side pruning.

Hyunjong Ok, Seung-Gu Kang, Jaeho Lee · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Evaluating Bounded Autonomy in Regulated Agentic AI: A Diagnostic Harness with Constitutional Rewards, Escalation Labels, and Runtime Governance

We propose RegLLM, a diagnostic harness for bounded autonomy in regulated agentic workflows. It instruments six trustworthiness signals: citation validity, source grounding, schema compliance, escalation correctness, constitutional alignment, and unsafe-action rate. Signals are distinguished by their source of supervis...

Dipankar Sarkar · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Risk-Controlled Selective LLM Answering by Pricing Label-Free Checks

PriceCheck is introduced, which builds a compact family of decision rules from label-free checks such as re-solving a problem, and shows that choosing how checks are combined and stopped matters alongside how well a verifier ranks answers.

D. Lee, Jungseob Lee, Chanjun Park et al. · 3 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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