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natural language processing

7,775 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

EmoRES-TTS: Residual-Enhanced Vector Steering for Emotional Speech Generation

Emotion-conditioned text-to-speech (TTS) models may fail to express the requested emotion reliably, and improving controllability by additional training is costly in both computation and emotion-labeled speech training data. We therefore study vector steering, a training-free approach that modifies the internal represe...

Kuan-Po Huang, Hao-He Liu, Pu-Yuan Peng et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Pruning for Efficiency, Paying in Fairness: Demographic Disparities in Pruned Speech-LLMs

Speech-LLMs are expensive to run, making compression important for real-world deployment. However, compressed models are usually selected using aggregate word error rate (WER), which can hide how pruning affects different demographic groups. In this work, we systematically study the effect of audio encoder pruning on S...

Ganesh Pavan Kartikeya Bharadwaj Kolluri, Michael Kampouridis, Ravi Shekhar · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Effective Dense Retrieval using Only In-Context Examples

Turning decoder-only large language models (LLMs) into strong dense retrievers typically requires some form of retriever training. In this paper, we ask whether LLMs can instead be prompted to produce effective representations for dense retrieval given only a few in-context examples. To answer this, we introduce RICE (...

Nour Jedidi, Abdul Basit Ali, Hang Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

LoLBench: Evaluating Coding Agents with Long-Horizon Proposals on Large Software Systems

LoLBench is a multilingual benchmark of 100 tasks across 29 software systems in five domains that shows that both perception and implementation remain central challenges for coding agents in practical modular development on large software systems.

Yun Peng, Zi-Han Wu, Ze-Yang Zhuang et al. · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Does a prosody-trained representation help beyond trainable fusion? A parameter-matched study with frozen HuBERT

Explicit prosodic cues may help automatic speech recognition (ASR) of spontaneous speech, but auxiliary representations typically require additional trainable components, making it unclear whether gains come from the auxiliary information or the fusion mechanism. We address this using a frozen HuBERT backbone and a 64-...

Ki Woong Moon, Dan Brenner · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Reconstructing the Vocal Tract with Differentiable Acoustic Simulation

The vocal tract is the region of the human body responsible for filtering one's voice to create speech. In this paper, we present a differentiable and GPU accelerated acoustic simulator for the vocal tract. The differentiable simulator synthesizes speech by propagating sound along an acoustic tube model of the vocal tr...

Eric Ming Chen, Jin Woo Lee, Vincent Sitzmann · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

TTMark: Pairwise Distortion-Free Watermarking Beyond Single-Token Entropy

Tandem Token WaterMark (TTMARK), a general pairwise watermarking framework that extends distortion-free watermarking from individual tokens to adjacent token pairs, and introduces a branch-isolating concatenated tandem generation algorithm that efficiently constructs the joint distribution in a single forward pass.

Rui-Bo Chen, Zheng-Mian Hu, Dong-Hang Lu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

The Surge of Anti-Semitism in German Social Media following the October 7 Attacks

We investigate the extent to which the Hamas attacks on Israel of October 7, 2023, have affected German social media debates about Judaism and Israel. For this, we develop an approach to detect 26 anti-Semitic categories in user postings via large language models (LLMs). The approach is applied to Facebook and Telegram...

Gregor Wiedemann, Daniel Wehrend · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Better Behavioral Prediction, More Faithful Model Ablations? Evidence from Sequential Choice

Three findings emerge: in the restless task, neural models trained without rewards predict held-out choices better than four simple training-fitted behavioral baselines, and at some reward weights, neural networks predict better than a pooled reinforcement-learning model but have less faithful changes in choice probabi...

Han-Bo Xie · 0 citations
#computer vision Preprint Sep 2026

VehicleArena: A Realistic Urban Environment for Multi-Agent Driving

Real-world embodied agents often pursue independent objectives within a shared physical environment, where their actions can alter the conditions faced by others. Existing benchmarks, however, typically assume shared goals or explicitly prescribed interaction protocols, leaving such emergent physical coupling underexpl...

Jie Yang, Jia-Jun Chen, Jia-Zheng Zhou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Predicting Team Performance from Communications in Simulated Search-and-Rescue

Understanding how individual traits influence team performance is valuable, but these traits are not always directly observable. Prior research has inferred traits like trust from behavioral data. We analyze conversational data to identify team traits and their correlation with teaming outcomes. Using transcripts from...

Ali Jalal-Kamali, Nikolos Gurney, David Pynadath · 0 citations
#computer vision Preprint Open access Sep 2026

From Routing Signals to Selective Review: Visual regrounding in MoE VLMs

Vision-language models (VLMs) may accept false visual premises, answering questions about a target object's color, count, location, or state even when it is absent. We call this reliability-critical behavior a target-absence grounding failure. Existing visual-grounding detectors primarily rely on generated responses, h...

Hongzhu Guo, Mohsen Fayyaz, Nanyun Peng · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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