Data-centric training has emerged as a promising direction for improving large language models (LLMs) by optimizing not only model parameters but also the selection, composition, and weighting of training data during optimization. However, existing approaches to data selection, data mixture optimization, and data rewei...
Hao Liang, Zhengyang Zhao, Mingrui Chen et al.· 0 citations
A new scaling law with separate benefit and harm terms that allows the value of an AI token to change sign while also reducing to Chinchilla in the absence of AI text is proposed.
Jenna Russell, Ben Glickenhaus, Katherine Thai et al.· 0 citations
Converting free-text radiology reports into structured labels supports cohort building, quality assurance, and monitoring of clinical imaging models, but the strongest label extractors are hosted proprietary models whose use raises privacy, cost, and reproducibility concerns. We asked whether a fine-tuned open-weight m...
Aawez Mansuri, Kush Mehta, Mohammadreza Chavoshi et al.· 0 citations
The policy-gradient theorem gives the exact gradient under the current policy, but finite on-policy samples may miss rare high-return trajectories. We study whether tree search improves their coverage within a fixed budget while controlling gradient bias. We introduce On-Policy Parallel Tree Search (OPTS) and Tree Traj...
Jun-Yu Lu, Shi-Chao Weng, Zhi-Qiang Wang et al.· 0 citations
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Pre-training equips large language models (LLMs) with a broad repertoire of behavioral patterns associated with roles, styles, values, and goals. Post-training teaches conditional enactment and makes a helpful Assistant the default, but it does not erase alternative modes from the weights; explicit prompts can therefor...
Ke-Mou Li, Zhuan Shi, Qi-Zhou Wang et al.· 0 citations
On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) trains mathematical reasoning models using a privileged teacher that sees a reference solution and supervises student-sampled prefixes. Standard OPSD uses one fixed parameter setting at every state, but nearby settings may offer additional supervision. We find that local parameter per...
Xin Wei, Yi-Fan Ding, Yoshua Y. Li et al.· 0 citations
During reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), large language models (LLMs) can exploit loopholes in their environments to obtain high rewards without improving the intended capabilities, i.e., reward hacking. Despite its risks to training efficiency and safety, monitoring and mitigating reward hacking d...
Shou-Li Wang, Yan-Feng Jia, Zhi-Hao Ou et al.· 0 citations
Interpreting properties of LLM-generated data is important for understanding its utility and limitations across learning tasks. In this work, we characterize synthetic data through sample-level learnability, studying variation among LLM families and scales, alongside human-written data as a reference. We first generate...
Irene Lago, Ana Ezquerro, David Vilares· 0 citations
Large language models are strong general-purpose code generators, but executable algorithmic trading remains a demanding specialization target: a model must translate a natural-language strategy specification into correct program logic for a specialized trading framework, execute on historical data, produce trades, and...
Specialized models encode task-oriented behavior, but transferring that behavior to a general language model usually requires training, distillation, or representation alignment. We study whether such ability can instead be transferred directly at the parameter level. We apply two existing training-free heterogeneous m...
Jiahe Fan, Si Chen, Yinghao Hou et al.· 0 citations
A concept subspace's effect on model behavior does not establish how it relates to the output readout. We introduce a two-sided geometric diagnostic that measures an extracted subspace's overlap with the dominant right-singular directions of the unembedding matrix, evaluated against output-oriented positive controls. G...
Ao-Jie Yuan, Z. Su, Hai-Yu Zhang et al.· 0 citations
Recent advances in large language models have made automatic game generation increasingly feasible, yet reliably improving generated games beyond a playable version remains challenging. Naive iterative refinement can easily overfit a small set of test cases, producing fragile games with unresolved bugs, missing behavio...
Wen-Yi Wu, Ming-Hao Fu, Jie-Yu You et al.· 0 citations
A new method, called CW-Net, translates the reasoning process of an autonomous vehicle’s AI system into understandable concepts that explain its behavior.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduAug 31, 2026
With millions of users across the world, Julia has been used to conduct cutting-edge research and to design new drugs, jet engines, heat pumps, and more.