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12,457 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Self-Organization from Constrained Geometric Radiation

How does dynamic order emerge spontaneously in closed systems without external driving? Existing paradigms all require external energy flows, temperature quenching, or slow driving. Here we report constraint-induced self-organization via geometric radiation in coupled metric evolution systems. Simulations reveal a univ...

Ming Lei · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Routing Reveals Membership: Privacy Leakage from MoE Router Telemetry

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models produce routing information during inference that may be logged or exposed for monitoring, debugging, load analysis, and safety auditing. Unlike ordinary model outputs, this telemetry reveals a view of the model's internal computation, raising a privacy question: can it reveal w...

Yixin Tan, Jiayang Liu, Lu Sun et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Temporal transformer CAN encoder with federated lightweight heads for anomaly detection

Modern vehicles rely on large numbers of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that constantly exchange information over the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. Due to the rapidity, structure, and repetition of this communication, even slight variations in timing, payload values, or message patterns can point to unusual activ...

Konstantinos Gyftodimos, Kyriakos Chiotis, Elena Politi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Coverage, Not Difficulty, Sets How Much Synthetic Data an Activation Probe Needs

Activation probes that monitor deployed language models are trained on synthetic conversations, and how many a probe needs is open. We trace learning curves over 10-590 synthetic samples for three monitoring concepts, high-stakes situations, replies harmful to a person, and replies that do not follow the user's instruc...

Ankush Checkervarty · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SPERA: Spherical Prior EEG Foundation Model with Geometry- and Frequency-Aware Latent Prediction

Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a non-invasive measure of ongoing neural activity, but building general-purpose EEG models remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of subjects, devices, and electrode montages. Existing EEG foundation models predominantly rely on reconstruction-based objectives defined on the...

Minsu Kim, Ye-Sung Kim, Hyeseong Jeon et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Robust and Efficient Noisy-Label Time-Series Classification via Dynamic Time Warping Based Granular Ball Computing

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)-based Nearest-Neighbor (NN) classifiers are effective for time-series classification but are vulnerable to mislabeled training samples and require numerous DTW computations during inference. We propose DTW-based Granular Ball Computing (DTW-GBC), which organizes temporally similar training sa...

Ziqiang Li, Yun Liu, Gouhei Tanaka · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Euclidean Clipping: Overcoming Exploration Collapse in LLM RL via Riemannian Isometric Policy Optimization

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a dominant paradigm for enhancing LLMs' reasoning capabilities. However, RL algorithms with PPO-Clip are inherently limited by exploration collapse. Subsequent works remain primarily heuristic and fail to identify the essential cause of PPO-Clip's failure. This work reveals the fu...

Zhicheng Cai, Xinyuan Guo, Hanlin Wu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reward Observability and the Limits of Offline Checkpoint Selection in RSSM World Models

We study the closed-loop properties of a recurrent state-space model (RSSM) world model trained on human demonstrations in Gymnasium's LunarLander-v3. We use the trained world model for zero-shot CEM model-predictive control (MPC) and for actor-critic (A2C) training in imagination. Scored on 100 held-out episodes, the...

Nikolai Smolyanskiy, Jonathan Shock · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Red Queen G\"odel Machine: Co-Evolving Agents and Their Evaluators

Self-improving agents are state-of-the-art on agentic coding benchmarks, yet their search methods assume a stationary evaluation criterion. This ignores a central feature of evolution: species adapt as their environments change with them. We introduce the Red Queen G\"odel Machine (RQGM), an evolutionary framework for...

Alex Iacob, Andrej Jovanovi\'c, William F. Shen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neural Conjugate Aggregation: Identifiable Unsupervised Multi-Sensor Regression under Heterogeneous Sensor Bias

We study regression-based data fusion under uncertainty, where multiple noisy and biased measurement sources are available but ground-truth labels are absent during training. This setting arises in sensor networks, simulation ensembles, and scientific monitoring systems where supervision is costly or infeasible. We pro...

Muhammed Faruk Aytin, Zehra Demir, Alper Unal et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning from Own Solutions: Self-Conditioned Credit Assignment for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has driven substantial progress in training LLMs for reasoning tasks, but representative methods such as GRPO assign uniform credit across all tokens, wasting gradient on routine tokens while under-crediting pivotal reasoning steps. Existing token-level credit assig...

Yingyu Shan, Yuhang Guo, Zihao Cheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

S4oP: Operator-level Pruning of Structured State Space Models for Resource-Constrained Devices

Structured State Space Models (SSMs), including the S4 and S4D architectures, have recently emerged as powerful alternatives to attention-based models for capturing long-range dependencies in sequential data. Despite their strong empirical performance, deploying these models in time- and resource-constrained settings r...

Marco Deano, Filippo Ziche, Nicola Bombieri · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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