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15,848 papers

#artificial intelligence Open access Mar 2026

Contrastive Metric Learning for Point Cloud Segmentation in Highly Granular Detectors

The results demonstrate that similarity-based representation learning combined with density-based aggregation is a promising alternative to object-centric approaches for point cloud segmentation in highly granular detectors.

Max Marriott-Clarke, Lazar Novakovic, Elizabeth Ratzer et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DyJR: Preserving Diversity in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards via Dynamic Jensen-Shannon Replay

While Reinforcement Learning (RL) enhances Large Language Model reasoning, on-policy algorithms like GRPO are sample-inefficient as they discard past rollouts. Existing experience replay methods address this by reusing accurate samples for direct policy updates, but this can incur additional storage costs and concentra...

Long Li, Zhijian Zhou, Tianyi Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Shortest Paths with Generative Flow Networks

In this paper, we present a novel learning framework for finding shortest paths in graphs utilizing Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets). First, we examine theoretical properties of GFlowNets in non-acyclic environments in relation to shortest paths. We prove that, if the total flow is minimized, forward and backward p...

Nikita Morozov, Ian Maksimov, Daniil Tiapkin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

An Analysis of Role Semantics in Directed Dynamic Graph Modeling for Edge Classification

Edge classification on directed dynamic graphs is critical for understanding evolving user-item interactions and behavioral patterns in recommender systems and social platforms. Existing dynamic graph architectures typically process these interactions using shared parameters for nodes with semantically distinct roles,...

Tyler Bonnet, Marek Rei · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prompt Interference in LLM Post-Training: Why Pass@k Optimization Can Degrade Pass@1

Pass@$k$ is a widely used performance metric for verifiable large language model tasks, including mathematical reasoning, code generation, and short-answer reasoning. It defines success if any of $k$ independently sampled solutions passes a verifier. This multi-sample inference metric has motivated inference-aware fine...

Anas Barakat, Souradip Chakraborty, Khushbu Pahwa et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

On the Dynamics of Delayed Generalization in Linear Models

Delayed generalization, where training accuracy becomes nearly perfect substantially before test accuracy, has often been studied in the context of the depth and compositional structure of deep networks. In this paper, we ask whether delayed generalization can occur in simpler settings. We show that it can arise in a l...

Atreya Vedantam, Nataraj Das, Chandrashekar Lakshminarayanan · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DCD: Decomposition-based Causal Discovery from Autocorrelated and Non-Stationary Temporal Data

Multivariate time series in domains such as finance, climate science, and healthcare often exhibit long-term trends, seasonal patterns, and short-term fluctuations, complicating causal inference under non-stationarity and autocorrelation. Existing causal discovery methods typically operate on raw observations, making t...

Muhammad Hasan Ferdous, Ian Stockwell, Md Osman Gani · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Associations to Activations: Comparing Behavioral and Hidden-State Semantic Geometry in LLMs

We investigate the extent to which an LLM's hidden-state geometry can be recovered from its behavior in psycholinguistic experiments. Across eight instruction-tuned transformer models, we run two experimental paradigms -- similarity-based forced choice and free association -- over a shared 5,000-word vocabulary, collec...

Louis Schiekiera, Max Zimmer, Christophe Roux et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Scalable Power Sampling: Unlocking Efficient, Training-Free Reasoning for LLMs via Distribution Sharpening

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training is a dominant approach for improving the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), yet growing evidence suggests that its gains arise primarily from distribution sharpening rather than the acquisition of new capabilities. Recent work has shown that sampling from th...

Xiaotong Ji, Rasul Tutunov, Matthieu Zimmer et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The pretraining domain outweighs the training objective in setting the privacy-utility trade-off of differentially private medical image analysis

Differential privacy limits how much each training image can influence a medical imaging model but lowers its diagnostic accuracy. Pretrained weights reduce this loss. It is unknown whether the pretraining objective or domain improves accuracy more. Here we train chest radiograph classifiers under differential privacy...

Soroosh Tayebi Arasteh, Mina Farajiamiri, Mahshad Lotfinia et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Architecture Before the Formula: Training-Dependent Computational Semantics in Transformers

An operation's input-output function does not, by itself, determine its computational role within a represented process. That role also depends on the processes producing its inputs and receiving its outputs, a philosophical stance termed deep learning externalism (DLE). We develop a mathematical account of represented...

Luis F. Rosario Freytes · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ECLIPTICA -- A Framework for Switchable LLM Alignment via CITA - Contrastive Instruction-Tuned Alignment

Alignment in large language models (LLMs) is still largely static: after training, the policy is frozen. DPO, GRPO methods typically imprint one behavior into the weights, leaving little runtime control beyond prompt hacks or expensive re-alignment. We introduce ECLIPTICA, which treats alignment as instruction-driven a...

Kapil Wanaskar, Gaytri Jena, Vinija Jain et al. · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 23, 2026

Q&A: How AI came to model the “messy” human mind

Assistant Professor Benjamin Lindquist studies how engineers deliberately injected randomness into early AI, giving rise to deep-learning models that sometimes hallucinate.

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