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15,848 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Non-Gaussian SEMs with Conditional Risk, and Why the Direction of Recursion Matters

Variance-based methods recover a Gaussian linear structural equation model (SEM) with equal or suitably constrained error variances, either by recursively identifying the source nodes with smallest conditional variance (top-down method) or sink nodes with highest conditional variance (bottom-up method). We show that th...

Ujas Shah, Panagiota Birmpa, Rebecca Morrison · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Embedding Graph Kernel Entropy (EGKE): Fine-grained Hallucination Detection for LLMs from Embeddings

Hallucination detection is critical for ensuring the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world deployments. While recent works, such as Semantic Entropy (SE) and Kernel Language Entropy (KLE), identify hallucinations by measuring semantic disagreement across multiple generated responses using Natural La...

Dilrangi Sankalpana, Pragatheeswaran Vipulanandan, Uthayasanker Thayasivam et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agreement versus Softmax under Spatial Disambiguation

ScanRefer Multiple queries require spatial disambiguation: several instances of the target class are present, and the referencer must pick one. When per-query logits were never logged, a common substitute is cross-epoch agreement. On the full ScanRefer validation set (9,508 queries; GeoClassifier with ground-truth prop...

Micha{\l} Zakrzewski, Mariia Shpir, Taras Rumezhak et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Refined Grid Sampling for Efficient Implicit Neural Representations of Large-Scale Scientific Data

Implicit neural representations (INRs) offer a powerful framework for modeling high-dimensional physical fields, but their training remains inefficient because evaluating dense coordinate grids is computationally expensive. Existing coordinate-pruning strategies rely on local error functions that can oversample correla...

Guang Zhao, Xihaier Luo, Sean McCue et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ULPack: Reference-Conditioned Lossless Compression of Checkpoint Trajectories

Studying model training requires checkpoint trajectories, whose storage cost limits temporal resolution. Although adjacent checkpoints are numerically close, existing lossless codecs either operate on XOR bit patterns or ignore trajectory-specific conditional structure. We show that a reference weight's exponent predic...

Aniket Srinivasan Ashok (University of Waterloo) · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

From Prototype to Massing: Learning Graph Correspondence for Scalable Facade Modeling

Facade articulation at building scale is usually resolved manually or through parametric systems that encode design intent as explicit rules. This paper investigates a complementary workflow in which a designer-authored prototype supplies transferable articulation logic. Prototype and target massing are represented as...

Yi-Liang Shao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

A Physics-Informed Hybrid Forward-Inverse Machine Learning Framework for High-Dimensional Sparse Recipe Reconstruction

High-dimensional sparse recipe formulation in process industries involves nonlinear association of various covariates, bounded by sparsity constraints and multi-criteria tolerances. Traditional physics-based classical methods (such as Kubelka-Munk) fail to generate sparse candidate recipes properly due to their simplif...

M. Fuad, Md. Istiak Adnan, Ridwan Al Aziz · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond a Better Score: Long-Horizon Agentic ML Development and Evaluation Protocol for Physics Time Series

Physics time-series data are central to fundamental discoveries involving dark matter, neutrinos, and gravitational waves. Machine learning has shown strong potential to recover weak scientific signals buried in complex noise. Recent LLM-agent systems further automate ML development, but existing approaches are often d...

Yue Ma, Lucas Venetoulias, Akbota Assan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Historical Anchors for Scientific Forecasting on Human-Aware Knowledge Graphs

Predicting which scientific connections will form next can point researchers toward the most promising leads. One successful approach learns representations by sampling paths through publication networks, represented by a hypergraph, that connect scientific entities, concepts, and researchers, approximating how knowled...

Si-Ting Wu, Ryan C. Barron, Phoebe Upton Sanderbeck et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DShuttleNet: A Badminton Doubles Dataset for Evaluating Team Coordination

Most existing sports datasets are individual-centric or ball-centric, focusing on individual player actions while ignoring interactions among teammates. In badminton doubles, tactical success is governed by rapid team formation and coordination, yet standard resources for modeling these player interactions are scarce....

Guan-Yi Jhang, Chiencheng Chiang, Wei-Kai Chen et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Perfect Reconstruction Cannot Show Whether Two Codebooks on a VAE's Latent Space Agree

Many systems read the latent space of a variational autoencoder (VAE) as discrete codes, and rely on each latent being read back as the code it was written as. Shannon (1948) took such a shared codebook as given; inside a VAE nothing enforces it. We prove that no item of a standard training report can reveal whether th...

Yusuke Hayashi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SIRNET: Causal Adaptation of Pretrained Embeddings for Semiparametric Treatment-Effect Estimation Under Surrogacy

Modern experiments increasingly produce rich post-treatment objects---such as text, images, and video---that may provide early surrogate signals for outcomes that are delayed, expensive, or observed only for a subset of participants. A pretrained encoder can turn such an object into a strong generic embedding, but the...

Lei Shi, Qiuran Lyu · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 23, 2026

Q&A: How AI came to model the “messy” human mind

Assistant Professor Benjamin Lindquist studies how engineers deliberately injected randomness into early AI, giving rise to deep-learning models that sometimes hallucinate.

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