human-computer interaction

From Chain-of-Note to Explainable Cognitive Prompting: Reproducible Multi-Layer Validation for Auditable LLM-Assisted PLC Programming : Structured Explainability and Deterministic Reasoning for Industrial PLC Applications

Explainability in Large Language Model (LLM)–assisted PLC programming is essential for industrial adoption, where engineers must understand, validate, and maintain generated control logic under strict safety and standardization constraints. Existing explainability-oriented prompting approaches such as Chain of Note (Co...

Standard Conformant Prompting (SCP): A Reproducible Framework for Compiler-Ready PLC Code Generation with Large Language Models : From Post-Hoc Verification to Standard-Driven Code Synthesis in Industrial Automation

Generating PLC programs with Large Language Models (LLMs) that are directly deployable in industrial toolchains remains challenging because outputs must satisfy IEC 61131-3 semantics and vendor-specific compilation constraints. Verification-centric prompting such as Chain-of-Verification (CoVe) can reduce reasoning err...

Active learning for interactive prompt clarification in safety-critical programmable logic controller code generation

A Memory-Efficient Tool for Bengali Parts of Speech Tagging

Strategic Temporal Opacity in Interstellar Interaction: Light-Speed Delay, Outdated Beliefs and Asynchronous Action in a Bayesian Game

Interstellar communication is not merely slow. It is strategically stale. A message received across distance reports a sender that may no longer occupy the same strategic state, while replies and irreversible actions are chosen on different local clocks. This paper develops a delayed Bayesian interaction game in which...

Strategic Temporal Opacity in Interstellar Interaction: Light-Speed Delay, Outdated Beliefs and Asynchronous Action in a Bayesian Game

Interstellar communication is not merely slow. It is strategically stale. A message received across distance reports a sender that may no longer occupy the same strategic state, while replies and irreversible actions are chosen on different local clocks. This paper develops a delayed Bayesian interaction game in which...

From Two Players to a Galactic Network: Entry, Extinction, Coalitions, Cliques and Spatial Topology in Interstellar Strategic Interaction

Dark Forest arguments commonly reduce interstellar strategy to a bilateral encounter between two persistent civilisations. A galaxy, however, is an open population in which civilisations enter, disappear, form selective relationships and occupy a spatially constrained network. This paper develops a continuous-time Gala...

From Two Players to a Galactic Network: Entry, Extinction, Coalitions, Cliques and Spatial Topology in Interstellar Strategic Interaction

Dark Forest arguments commonly reduce interstellar strategy to a bilateral encounter between two persistent civilisations. A galaxy, however, is an open population in which civilisations enter, disappear, form selective relationships and occupy a spatially constrained network. This paper develops a continuous-time Gala...

The Conjunctive Misfortune Problem: Behavioural Tail Risk, Outcome Luck, and Punishment Cascades

A serious behavioural failure may be uncommon within a person’s history yet become the principal basis for judgments of character and future risk. This conceptual article develops the conjunctive misfortune problem: adverse conditions, culpable action, stochastic harm, categorical institutional responses, and persisten...

The Conjunctive Misfortune Problem: Behavioural Tail Risk, Outcome Luck, and Punishment Cascades

A serious behavioural failure may be uncommon within a person’s history yet become the principal basis for judgments of character and future risk. This conceptual article develops the conjunctive misfortune problem: adverse conditions, culpable action, stochastic harm, categorical institutional responses, and persisten...

Atypical Failure, Maximal Consequence: Bayesian Character Inference, Threshold Outcome Luck, and Multiplicative Punishment Cascades

This conceptual article develops a formal theory of atypical human failure in which severe life-course consequences can emerge from a conjunction of adverse conditions, a low-frequency behavioural lapse, stochastic outcome mechanics, categorical legal or institutional thresholds, and dynamically propagating collateral...

Atypical Failure, Maximal Consequence: Bayesian Character Inference, Threshold Outcome Luck, and Multiplicative Punishment Cascades

This conceptual article develops a formal theory of atypical human failure in which severe life-course consequences can emerge from a conjunction of adverse conditions, a low-frequency behavioural lapse, stochastic outcome mechanics, categorical legal or institutional thresholds, and dynamically propagating collateral...