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2,952 papers
We study variance-preserving diffusion of the response in mixed linear regression (MLR) with unknown mixing weights. Our analysis separates the statistical guarantees of score matching from the loss geometry and optimization signal at a fixed diffusion noise level. The KL divergence links the denoising score matching o...
This paper applies the A4/LEARN PET archive, treating observed PET as a design laboratory for scarce-confirmation studies and asks a deliberately operational question: when is simple transparent PET validation enough, and when is a fitted residual-uncertainty score worth the added complexity?
LLM-guided search is usually adopted to solve complex tasks by ranking and pruning top-$K$ candidates based on evaluator scores. However, irreducible bias still exists even if popular methods, such as repeated sampling, are applied to reduce variance. Consequently, pruning may remove every continuation that can reach a...
CARE is introduced, a confounder-aware aggregation framework that explicitly models LLM judge scores as arising from both a latent true-quality signal and shared confounding factors and separates quality from confounders without access to ground-truth labels.
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The performance of large language models (LLMs) on verifiable tasks is usually measured by pass@k, the probability of answering a question correctly at least once in k trials. At a fixed budget, a more suitable metric is coverage@cost, the average number of unique questions answered as a function of the total number of...
This study establishes DUA-D2C as a theoretically grounded and effective approach to combating overfitting in modern deep learning, analytically demonstrating how dynamic parameter fusion reduces model variance.
The framework thereby makes preference aggregation an explicit and statistically analyzable design choice rather than an implicit consequence of pooling human feedback, and produces a single policy with explicit collective-welfare guarantees.
A general procedure for evaluating epistemic potency in discrete settings is given, and it is shown that ID-pruned experiments are combinatorially inert, yielding a super-exponential reduction in the number of subsets evaluated.
It is proved that in-context learning extends further to data generation: frozen transformers can simulate iterative generative samplers from in-context samples, and it is proved that transformers can approximate an energy-based sampler.
In simulations, DLNAMs generally outperformed DLNM comparators, including penalized and treed variants, in recovering known response functions, with lower bias, stronger boundary recovery, and better-calibrated cumulative intervals; gains were largest for more demanding functions.
The optimal transport (OT) map provides a geometric transformation for aligning probability distributions and has become a useful tool in machine learning. However, existing estimators of the OT map still exhibit a gap between sharp statistical guarantees and practical parametric estimation based on stable training obj...
This work proposes the use of normalizing flow models to reconstruct calibration-affected weak signals by leveraging the statistical invariance of the target signals and assuming minimal initial suppression, and effectively recovers the lost signal components.
Accelerating the search for novel antimicrobial peptides using Google Antigravity for Science.
Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.
General Science
General Science
Learn how Google DeepMind and GovTech Singapore uses lightweight on-device Gemma models to intercept conversational scams in private chats with zero cloud data egress.
MIT Statistics and Data Science Center Director Alexander (Sasha) Rakhlin shares important considerations for departments and institutions.
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