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computer vision

3,462 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Reliable Benchmarking of Artifact Detection in Computational Pathology: A Reproducibility and Uncertainty Analysis

A reliability protocol for small-cohort benchmarks that separates reproducible effects from differences the evaluation cannot resolve, and is cheap enough to accompany any evaluation on such a resource and separate reproducible effects from differences the evaluation cannot resolve.

Konstantinos Moutselos, Ilias Maglogiannis · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Lucida: Parse, Generate, and Place for Composable Real-to-Sim Scene Modeling

Across scene-level 3D object detection, object pose estimation, and scene reconstruction, Lucida improves mAP over Boxer by 69% on R2S-Scene, raises ADD-SB@0.05 from 57.8% to 83.4% on CA-1M, and increases scene F-Score from 0.794 for SAM3D to 0.924.

Ming-Han Qin, Yuang Wang, Xiuyu Yang et al. · 3 citations · ⚡2
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

A Composition-Aware Pretraining Framework for Geospatial Foundation Models

Experimental evaluation shows that composition-aware pretraining yields substantial gains on region-level understanding tasks requiring semantic similarity judgment, including zero-shot image retrieval and scene classification, while remaining competitive on tasks requiring fine-grained spatial precision, such as segme...

A. Naveen, Abhishek Srinivas, Pranav Moothedath et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

RailGen: Improving Railway Intrusion Detection via Agent-Guided Small-Scale Foreign Object Generation

A generative-augmented detection paradigm that leverages multimodal image generation to enrich the feature space of rare and small objects and outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods for small-object detection in safety-critical applications is proposed.

Quan Hao, Zixin Tao, Chen-Xi Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

RailSyn: Diagnosis-Guided Image Generation for Traceable Data Completion in Railway Foreign Object Detection

RailSyn, a diagnosis-guided framework comprising a real-referenced Inspector and a requirement-aligned Generator, that addresses railway-context, intrusion-semantic, and visual-consistency requirements through domain adaptation, agent-planned placement and physical contact relations, and plan-consistent conditional ref...

Quan Hao, Chen-Xi Zhang, Zixin Tao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Cost-efficient Active Learning for Referring Image Segmentation and Grounding

This work formulates active learning for VG under the realistic setting where only raw images are available without accompanying text, and introduces Referred Region Ambiguity, a new acquisition function that measures whether the model's confidence collapses onto a single region or disperses across multiple candidates.

Junbeom Hong, Seonghoon Yu, Hyungsik Jung et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

DiffSAC: Diffusion-guided Sampling for Consensus-based Robust Estimation

A novel Diffusion-guided Sampling for Consensus-based Robust Estimation (DiffSAC) framework that refines the confidence for each data point, indicating whether it belongs to a good minimum set, rather than ranking the data points as in previous work, significantly reduces the need to process numerous bad sets.

Chang Nie, Guang-Ming Wang, Zhe Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Whole-Slide Image Analysis under Realistic Few-Shot Annotation Protocols

SlideCRF is proposed, which adapts conditional random fields for whole-slide images by combining spatial and biological cues while accounting for classes that may be absent from a given slide, and provides a set of realistic annotation protocols, based on spatially localized clicks and scribbles, modeling different pat...

T. Godelaine, Maxime Zanella, Karim El Khoury et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

ImageCAS-X: a dataset and benchmark for coronary artery segmentation and centerline extraction in coronary CT angiography

A new dataset of voxel-wise annotations of the vessel lumen and coronary segments, alongside centerlines, and mesh surfaces for 800 scans from the publicly available ImageCAS dataset is provided to support the development and validation of methods for lumen segmentation, plaque and perivascular quantification, and haem...

K. Bransby, Esther Øksnebjerg, Kristoffer Kjær et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

PRISM: Predictive Recomposition via Semantic Latent Decomposition for View-invariant Video Representation Learning

This work decomposes video into view-invariant and view-variant latents and recompose them under language supervision encouraging clean decomposition of the two streams, and proposes PRISM, that achieves state-of-the-art results on EgoExo4D, EgoExoLearn, AE2, even surpassing in-domain models under zero-shot setting.

Youngchae Chee, Ho-Su Lee, Sungjune Park et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 6, 2026

What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us

Jennifer Neville did not want to go into computer science—but that’s exactly where she landed. Neville discusses the starts and stops that led to her professional sweet spot and her work identifying “surprising failures” making it hard for AI to handle complexity.  The post What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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