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artificial intelligence

14,515 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Attention Closes: How LLMs Lose the Thread in Multi-Turn Interaction

Large language models can follow complex instructions in a single turn, yet over long multi-turn interactions they often lose the thread of instructions, persona, and rules. This degradation has been measured behaviorally but not mechanistically explained. We propose a channel-transition account: goal-defining tokens b...

Vardhan Dongre, Joseph Hsieh, Viet Dac Lai et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Cross-Cultural Value Attribution in Large Vision-Language Models

The rapid adoption of large vision-language models (LVLMs) in recent years has been accompanied by growing fairness concerns due to their propensity to reinforce harmful societal stereotypes. While significant attention has been paid to such fairness concerns in the context of social biases, relatively little prior wor...

Phillip Howard, Xin Su, Kathleen C. Fraser · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Unbiased Reward Modeling from Implicit Feedback for LLM Alignment

Despite the success of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), existing reward modeling methods largely rely on explicit feedback, which is costly to collect and difficult to scale. This work studies implicit reward modeling, learning reward models from implicit user feedback, such as clicks, copies and skip...

Hao Wang, Haocheng Yang, Licheng Pan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding Moral Reasoning Trajectories in Large Language Models: Toward Probing-Based Explainability

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly participate in morally sensitive decision-making, yet how they organize ethical frameworks across reasoning steps remains underexplored. We introduce moral reasoning trajectories, sequences of ethical framework invocations across intermediate reasoning steps, and analyze their...

Fan Huang, Haewoon Kwak, Jisun An · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Real-Time Generation of Game Video Commentary with Multimodal LLMs: Pause-Aware Decoding Approaches

Real-time video commentary generation provides textual descriptions of ongoing events in videos. It supports accessibility and engagement in domains such as sports, esports, and livestreaming. Commentary generation involves two essential decisions: what to say and when to say it. While recent prompting-based approaches...

Anum Afzal, Yuki Saito, Hiroya Takamura et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Cross-Lingual Activation Steering for Multilingual Language Models

Large language models exhibit strong multilingual capabilities, yet significant performance gaps persist between dominant and non-dominant languages. Prior work attributes this gap to imbalances between shared and language-specific neurons in multilingual representations. We propose Cross-Lingual Activation Steering (C...

Rhitabrat Pokharel, Ameeta Agrawal, Tanay Nagar · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FedCoT: Communication-Efficient Federated Reasoning Enhancement for Large Language Models

Enhancing LLM reasoning in federated settings is nontrivial due to stringent computational, communication, and privacy constraints, especially in healthcare, where clinically consequential decisions require not only accuracy but also interpretable, auditable rationales to meet safety, accountability, and regulatory req...

Chuan Li, Qianyi Zhao, Fengran Mo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Too Categorical to be Human: Emotion Concepts in LLMs and Humans

Understanding human emotions is central to user-facing AI applications, safety alignment, and the simulation of human behavior. As emotional stimuli shape high-stakes behavior in Large Language Models (LLMs), there is increasing interest in how models represent emotion concepts internally. Mechanistic accounts of these...

Sree Bhattacharyya, Evgenii Kuriabov, Lucas Craig et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sherpa: Teaching LLMs to Teach Adaptively

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable problem solvers, but being able to solve a problem is not the same as being able to teach it. Existing approaches to training LLMs as teachers rely on demonstrations, preference data, or predefined pedagogical criteria that specify what good teaching looks l...

Weixian Xu, Yanzhe Zhang, Zora Zhiruo Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Natural Language Questions as an Interface for Knowledge Graphs: QRAKEN Graph Distillation and Semantic Self-Healing

Natural-language access to RDF knowledge graphs is a core Semantic Web ambition. Large language models (LLMs) have advanced Text-to-SPARQL, yet on unfamiliar graphs they often generate valid queries that misrepresent the populated data model. QRAKEN is a training-free, ontology-agnostic neurosymbolic pipeline grounding...

Remo Grillo, L. Klic, Giovanni Colavizza · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

POLAR: Ontology-Guided Risk Prevention for Tool-Calling LLM Agents

LLM tool-use agents operate in dynamic environments where many actions carry operational risk. However, most safety mechanisms react only after errors manifest. Existing pre-emptive approaches either fine-tune the agent on chain-of-thought deliberation or compile natural-language guardrails into runtime checks, but the...

Yun-Ju Kang, Seonghyeon Cho, Irene Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

VisionWeave: Weaving Elastic Visual Representations as a Native Capability of MLLMs

Multimodal large language models have become the dominant paradigm for visual understanding, but incur substantial costs by encoding inputs into dense, fixed-size patch tokens. However, visual information is unevenly distributed: some regions require fine-grained detail, while others admit compact representations. Down...

Yuan Feng, Qi-Ze Yang, Rui-Zhe Chen et al. · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 29, 2026

Who we become when we talk to machines

Professor Sherry Turkle’s new book, “Artificial Intimacy,” offers a withering critique of chatbots and the antisocial dynamics she believes they encourage.

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