PD-1/PD-L1 blockade can produce durable tumor control, yet primary, adaptive, and acquired resistance remain common. Existing accounts often catalogue resistance by cellular compartment, obscuring the coordinated nature of tumor adaptation. Here, we introduce immune-pressure redistribution as a treatment-oriented frame...
A pH-responsive hydrogel reservoir is developed by integrating verteporfin (VP)-loaded CaCO3 nanoparticles (CaNPs) into a β-cyclodextrin-crosslinked polysaccharide hydrogel to achieve precise radiosensitization and immunomodulation, offering a promising approach to overcoming radioresistance and improving therapeutic o...