Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in degenerative musculoskeletal disorders: Mechanistic evidence and therapeutic perspectives (Review)
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) are specialized endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane domains at ER-mitochondrial contact sites that coordinate Ca2+ transfer, lipid exchange, mitochondrial quality control and cellular stress responses. In osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration, oste...