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Zheng Zhang

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#artificial intelligence Jun 2026

GRZO: Group-Relative Zeroth-Order Optimization for Large Language Model Fine-Tuning

GRZO is a Group-Relative Zeroth-Order optimizer that draws one pseudo-independent perturbation per mini-batch example and aggregates the per-example losses through group-relative normalization, raising the effective gradient-direction count from one to the batch size at no additional forward cost while preserving inference-level memory.

L. Tan, Yequan Zhao, Yifan Yang et al. · arXiv.org · 0 citations