Aug 2026
Dose-dependent duality: Extracellular vesicles shift from metabolic facilitators to cytotoxic effectors during anaerobic denitrification.
These findings redefine EVs not merely as condition-regulated ecological regulators during severe bioenergetic stress, but also as structurally recalcitrant colloidal entities within engineered aquatic environments.
Yuzhen Ming, Wengen Zhu, Huanping Liu et al.
· Water Research · 0 citations