6PPDQ Exposure Induces Mammary Developmental Damage through Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated by the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway.
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPDQ), the primary oxidative metabolite of rubber antioxidant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), is an emerging global contaminant with multiorgan toxicity and has been detected in human breast milk and urine. Its mammary toxicity and...