Open access
Aug 2026
Smoking-attributable burden of musculoskeletal disorders, 1990–2021, with exploratory projections to 2050: A secondary dataset analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
The persistence of absolute burden despite declining ASDR may warrant greater consideration in future tobacco-related burden assessments and rehabilitation planning, while causal and policy interpretations warrant cautious interpretation as this is an ecological modelling study.
Z. Fu, Yunhui Zhang, Zhaojun Chen
· Tobacco Induced Diseases · 0 citations