Nanomaterial-based optimization of chemo-radiotherapy for precisely overcoming PD-L1 resistance in the tumor immune microenvironment
This review explores sequential nanoregulation strategies based on different types of TME, and describes how functionalized nanocarriers, such as stimulus-responsive polymers, liposomes, and biomimetic nanoparticles, can be used to detect changes in the microenvironment, and to precisely deliver drugs when needed.