Author

Yuning Jiang

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Sep 2026

RecGPT: A User Intent-Centric Next-Generation LLM-Powered Recommender System in Industrial Practice

Recommender systems are among the most impactful applications of artificial intelligence, serving as critical infrastructure connecting users, merchants, and platforms. However, most industrial systems remain heavily reliant on historical co-occurrence patterns and log-fitting objectives, i.e., optimizing for past user interactions without explicitly modeling user intent. This log-fitting approach often leads to overfitting to narrow historical preferences, failing to capture users’ potential interests. As a result, it reinforces filter bubbles and long-tail phenomena, ultimately harming user experience and threatening the sustainability of the recommendation ecosystem. To address these challenges, we rethink the overall design paradigm of recommender systems and propose RecGPT, a fully integrated, production-ready framework that places user intent at the center of the recommendation pipeline. By integrating large language models (LLMs) into key stages of user interest mining, item retrieval, and explanation generation, RecGPT transforms log-fitting recommendation into an intent-centric process. To effectively align general-purpose LLMs to the above domain-specific recommendation tasks at scale, RecGPT incorporates a multi-stage training paradigm, which integrates reasoning-enhanced pre-alignment and self-training evolution, guided by a Human-LLM cooperative judge system. Currently, RecGPT has been fully deployed on the Taobao App. Online experiments demonstrate that RecGPT achieves consistent performance gains across stakeholders: users benefit from increased content diversity and satisfaction (e.g., CICD +5.53%, DT +4.35%), merchants and the platform gain greater exposure and conversions (e.g., CTR +5.65%, IPV +7.55%, DCAU +2.46%), and sustained long-term retention improvements (LT-30 +1.63%). These comprehensive improvement results across all stakeholders validate that our intent-centric design can foster a more sustainable and mutually beneficial ecosystem.

Jiakai Tang, Wen Chen, Dian Chen et al. · ACM Transactions on Informat... · 0 citations

Preprint Aug 2026

RecGPT-Mobile-V2 Technical Report

Personalized Query prediction maps implicit behavioral signals---clicks, favorites, purchases, and post-purchase exploration---to explicit retrieval intent. On-device deployment makes this task particularly challenging: behavioral trajectories are noisy and multi-scale, multiple Queries may be valid for a single trajectory, and a uniform reasoning policy either expends unnecessary computation on simple instances or allocates insufficient capacity to complex ones. We introduce RecGPT-Mobile-V2, an end-to-end framework that treats intent quality and execution efficiency as coupled objectives within a staged design. The framework transforms heterogeneous interactions into an evidence-preserving trajectory, establishes a recommendation-native foundation through domain adaptation and supervised alignment, and applies reasoning-cost optimization only after grouped rollouts meet grounding and utility criteria. The resulting teacher is distilled into a compact student deployed with low-bit execution, structured compression, and budget-aware device--cloud routing. In an aligned CoT ablation, an evidence-focused short rationale increases ROUGE-L from 0.228 to 0.315 and Jaccard from 0.174 to 0.248, while slightly outperforming the full five-stage rationale. In the controlled RL comparison, the complete reward formulation improves Query quality from 73.2% under quality-only RL to 78.6%, lowers the hard-failure rate from 3.6% to 1.6%, and reduces the median CoT length from 62 to 14 tokens. Online retrieval analysis further indicates that the Query recall channel retrieves inventory complementary to that surfaced by established recall channels. Collectively, these findings support sufficiency-oriented rather than uniformly short reasoning: retain decision-relevant evidence and allocate additional computation only when it is likely to improve the predicted Query.

Lingqin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Wei-Peng Huang et al. · 0 citations