Yoshinao Z. Hosaka

Immunocastration and testosterone supplementation alter testicular development and muscle collagen gene expression in male chickens

Immunocastration using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine offers a potential alternative to surgical castration in poultry, yet its effects on growth performance and meat quality in chickens remain poorly characterized. Thirty-six male Sakura chickens were allocated to three groups (n = 12): control (C), i...