SAVER is introduced, a transition-centered framework in which Substrate locates reusable influence, Adaptation captures how it changes, Violation identifies compromised safety attributes, Exposure marks where failures become observable, and Response assesses containment, repair, or revocation.
Jia-Hao Chen, Zhou Feng, Ou-Bo Ma et al.· 1 citation
IntraGuard is proposed, a black-box, venue-agnostic defense framework grounded in the structural--visual decoupling inherent to the PDF that achieves a defense success rate of up to 84%, while preserving peer-review invariance for human reviewers.
Ou-Bo Ma, Rui-Xiao Lin, Jia-Hao Chen et al.· 2 citations
This work presents the first systematic study of authorization correctness and execution safety in current facilitator-mediated x402 deployments in the wild, identifying eight security rules for facilitators as critical payment infrastructure and derives four new attack vectors from these rules.